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href=\"\u002Fen\u002Fcas\u002F50-81-7_663467.html#duXinDiv\">抗坏血酸毒性英文版\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","\u003Cp>1.以葡萄糖为原料，在镍催化下加氢生成山梨醇，再经醋酸杆菌发酵氧化成L-山梨糖，然后在浓硫酸催化下与丙酮发生缩合反应生成双丙酮L-山梨糖，再在碱性条件下用高锰酸钾氧化成L-抗坏血酸。生产流程和生产工艺为：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>D-葡萄糖还原↓氢气，镍发酵氧化↓醋酸杆菌缩合↓丙酮，硫酸氧化↓KMnO4\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>环化，脱保护↓HCl气体重结晶↓乙醇成品\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>D-葡萄糖催化氢化用镍做催化剂可将葡萄糖转化为D-山梨糖醇。将D-山梨糖醇在醋酸杆菌作用下被氧化发酵成L-山梨糖，得率超过90%。再通过结晶法分离出L山梨糖。这个过程可以连续地大规模进行。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>再以硫酸为催化剂，用丙酮处理L山梨糖可将其转变成2，3-O-异亚丙基-α-山梨糖和2，3，4，6-异亚丙基-α-L-呋喃山梨糖的混合物。将反应溶液中和，通过蒸馏除去丙酮，再用甲苯萃取产物。也可以用氯化铁或溴化铁代替催化剂硫酸。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>在稀氢氧化钠溶液中，用次氯酸钠做氧化剂，用氯化镍做催化剂，可将2，3，4，6-异亚丙基αL呋喃山梨糖氧化成2，3，4，6-二（O-异亚丙基）-2-氧代-L-古罗糖酸。得率可达到90%以上。这步氧化反应也可在碱性条件下用高锰酸钾氧化，或在碱性溶液中直接用电化学方法氧化，或者在镍或钯的存在下用氧进行催化氧化。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>使2，3，4，6-二（O-异亚丙基）-2-氧代-L-古罗糖酸脱去丙酮保护基和直接环化的方法有几种。方法之一是在水氯仿乙醇混合溶液中，用氯化氢气体处理古罗糖酸。在反应结束时，可将产品L抗坏血酸过滤，得率大于80%，再用稀乙醇重结晶可得抗坏血酸成品。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>以葡萄糖为原料，在镍催化剂下加压氧化成山梨醇，再经醋酸杆菌发酵氧化成L-山梨醇，在浓硫酸催化下与丙酮反应生成双丙酮-L-山梨醇，再于碱性条件下经高锰酸钾氧化成L-抗坏血酸。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>由葡萄糖制成D-山梨醇，再氧化发酵，生成L-山梨糖，经缩合生成二丙酮-L-山梨糖，再经氧化生成二丙酮-2-酮-L-葡萄糖酸，然后酯化成2-酮-L-葡萄糖酸甲酯，与甲醇钠作用生成抗坏血酸钠，最后再与盐酸加热得到抗坏血酸。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>2.通常可先由葡萄糖制成D-山梨糖醇，然后经氧化发酵生成L-山梨糖，再缩合生成二丙酮-L-山梨糖，而后经氧化生成二丙酮-2-酮-L- 酮 葡萄糖酸，再酯化成2- 酮-L葡萄糖酸甲酯，最后与甲醇钠作用生成抗坏血酸钠，与盐酸共热制成抗坏血酸。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ctd>\n\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块1. 化学品\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>1.1 产品标识符\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> : L-抗坏血酸\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 产品名称\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>1.2 鉴别的其他方法\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> Antiscorbutic factor\n\u003Cbr \u002F> L-Threoascorbic acid\n\u003Cbr \u002F> Vitamin C\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>1.3 有关的确定了的物质或混合物的用途和建议不适合的用途\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 仅用于研发。不作为药品、家庭或其它用途。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块2. 危险性概述\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>2.1 GHS-分类\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 根据全球协调系统(GHS)的规定，不是危险物质或混合物。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>2.3 其它危害物 - 无\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块3. 成分\u002F组成信息\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>3.1 物 质\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> : Antiscorbutic factor\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 别名\n\u003Cbr \u002F> L-Threoascorbic acid\n\u003Cbr \u002F> Vitamin C\n\u003Cbr \u002F> : C6H8O6\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 分子式\n\u003Cbr \u002F> : 176.12 g\u002Fmol\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 分子量\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块4. 急救措施\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>4.1 必要的急救措施描述\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 吸入\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 如果吸入,请将患者移到新鲜空气处。 如呼吸停止,进行人工呼吸。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 皮肤接触\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 用肥皂和大量的水冲洗。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 眼睛接触\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 用水冲洗眼睛作为预防措施。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 食入\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 切勿给失去知觉者通过口喂任何东西。 用水漱口。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>4.2 主要症状和影响，急性和迟发效应\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 慢性摄取大剂量会引起肠胃紊乱包括反胃和腹泻；泌尿系统效应包括酸性尿、肾脏和膀胱中草酸和尿酸结晶，\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 以及反应迟缓和精神协调受影响。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>4.3 及时的医疗处理和所需的特殊处理的说明和指示\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块5. 消防措施\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>5.1 灭火介质\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 灭火方法及灭火剂\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 用水雾,抗乙醇泡沫,干粉或二氧化碳灭火。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>5.2 源于此物质或混合物的特别的危害\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 碳氧化物\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>5.3 给消防员的建议\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 如必要的话,戴自给式呼吸器去救火。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>5.4 进一步信息\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块6. 泄露应急处理\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>6.1 作业人员防护措施、防护装备和应急处置程序\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 避免粉尘生成。 避免吸入蒸气、烟雾或气体。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>6.2 环境保护措施\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 不要让产品进入下水道。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>6.3 泄漏化学品的收容、清除方法及所使用的处置材料\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 扫掉和铲掉。 放入合适的封闭的容器中待处理。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>6.4 参考其他部分\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 丢弃处理请参阅第13节。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块7. 操作处置与储存\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>7.1 安全操作的注意事项\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 在有粉尘生成的地方,提供合适的排风设备。一般性的防火保护措施。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>7.2 安全储存的条件,包括任何不兼容性\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 贮存在阴凉处。 使容器保持密闭，储存在干燥通风处。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 对光线敏感\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>7.3 特定用途\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块8. 接触控制和个体防护\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>8.1 容许浓度\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 最高容许浓度\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 没有已知的国家规定的暴露极限。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>8.2 暴露控制\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 适当的技术控制\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 常规的工业卫生操作。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 个体防护设备\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 眼\u002F面保护\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 请使用经官方标准如NIOSH (美国) 或 EN 166(欧盟) 检测与批准的设备防护眼部。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 皮肤保护\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 戴手套取 手套在使用前必须受检查。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 请使用合适的方法脱除手套(不要接触手套外部表面),避免任何皮肤部位接触此产品.\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 使用后请将被污染过的手套根据相关法律法规和有效的实验室规章程序谨慎处理. 请清洗并吹干双手\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 所选择的保护手套必须符合EU的89\u002F686\u002FEEC规定和从它衍生出来的EN 376标准。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 完全接触\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 物料: 丁腈橡胶\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 最小的层厚度 0.11 mm\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 溶剂渗透时间: 480 min\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 测试过的物质Dermatril® (KCL 740 \u002F Z677272, 规格 M)\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 飞溅保护\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 物料: 丁腈橡胶\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 最小的层厚度 0.11 mm\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 溶剂渗透时间: 480 min\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 测试过的物质Dermatril® (KCL 740 \u002F Z677272, 规格 M)\n\u003Cbr \u002F> , 测试方法 EN374\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 如果以溶剂形式应用或与其它物质混合应用，或在不同于EN\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 374规定的条件下应用，请与EC批准的手套的供应商联系。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 这个推荐只是建议性的,并且务必让熟悉我们客户计划使用的特定情况的工业卫生学专家评估确认才可.\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 这不应该解释为在提供对任何特定使用情况方法的批准.\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 身体保护\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 根据危险物质的类型，浓度和量，以及特定的工作场所选择身体保护措施。,\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 防护设备的类型必须根据特定工作场所中的危险物的浓度和数量来选择。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 呼吸系统防护\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 不需要保护呼吸。如需防护粉尘损害，请使用N95型（US）或P1型（EN 143)防尘面具。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 呼吸器使用经过测试并通过政府标准如NIOSH（US）或CEN（EU）的呼吸器和零件。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块9. 理化特性\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>9.1 基本的理化特性的信息\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> a) 外观与性状\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 形状: 结晶\n\u003Cbr \u002F> b) 气味\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> c) 气味阈值\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> d) pH值\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 1.0 - 2.5 在 176 g\u002Fl 在 25 °C\n\u003Cbr \u002F> e) 熔点\u002F凝固点\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 熔点\u002F凝固点: 190 - 194 °C\n\u003Cbr \u002F> f) 沸点、初沸点和沸程\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> g) 闪点\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> h) 蒸发速率\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> i) 易燃性(固体,气体)\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> j) 高的\u002F低的燃烧性或爆炸性限度 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> k) 蒸气压\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> l) 蒸汽密度\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> m) 密度\u002F相对密度\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> n) 水溶性\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 176 g\u002Fl 在 20 °C - 完全溶解\n\u003Cbr \u002F> o) n-辛醇\u002F水分配系数\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> p) 自燃温度\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> q) 分解温度\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> r) 粘度\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块10. 稳定性和反应活性\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>10.1 反应性\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>10.2 稳定性\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>10.3 危险反应\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>10.4 应避免的条件\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 发光。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>10.5 不相容的物质\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 强氧化剂\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>10.6 危险的分解产物\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 其它分解产物 - 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块11. 毒理学资料\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>11.1 毒理学影响的信息\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 急性毒性\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 半数致死剂量 (LD50) 经口 - 大鼠 - 11,900 mg\u002Fkg\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 备注: 感觉器官和特殊感觉（鼻、眼、耳和味觉）：眼：流泪。 行为的：嗜睡（全面活力抑制）。 腹泻\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 皮肤刺激或腐蚀\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 眼睛刺激或腐蚀\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 呼吸道或皮肤过敏\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 生殖细胞致突变性\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 细胞突变性-体外试验 - 小鼠 - 肝\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 其他突变测试系统\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 细胞突变性-体内试验 - 小鼠 - 腹膜内的\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 微核测试\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 致癌性\n\u003Cbr \u002F> IARC:\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 此产品中没有大于或等于 0。1%含量的组分被 IARC鉴别为可能的或肯定的人类致癌物。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 生殖毒性\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 特异性靶器官系统毒性（一次接触）\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 特异性靶器官系统毒性（反复接触）\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 吸入危险\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 潜在的健康影响\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 吸入吸入可能有害。 可能引起呼吸道刺激。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 摄入如服入是有害的。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 皮肤通过皮肤吸收可能有害。 可能引起皮肤刺激。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 眼睛可能引起眼睛刺激。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 接触后的征兆和症状\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 慢性摄取大剂量会引起肠胃紊乱包括反胃和腹泻；泌尿系统效应包括酸性尿、肾脏和膀胱中草酸和尿酸结晶，\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 以及反应迟缓和精神协调受影响。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 附加说明\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 化学物质毒性作用登记: CI7650000\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块12. 生态学资料\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>12.1 生态毒性\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>12.2 持久性和降解性\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>12.3 潜在的生物累积性\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>12.4 土壤中的迁移性\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>12.5 PBT 和 vPvB的结果评价\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>12.6 其它不良影响\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块13. 废弃处置\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>13.1 废物处理方法\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 产品\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 将剩余的和不可回收的溶液交给有许可证的公司处理。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 受污染的容器和包装\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 按未用产品处置。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块14. 运输信息\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>14.1 联合国危险货物编号\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 欧洲陆运危规: -国际海运危规: -国际空运危规: -\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>14.2 联合国运输名称\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 欧洲陆运危规: 非危险货物\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 国际海运危规: 非危险货物\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 国际空运危规: 非危险货物\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>14.3 运输危险类别\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 欧洲陆运危规: -国际海运危规: -国际空运危规: -\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>14.4 包裹组\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 欧洲陆运危规: -国际海运危规: -国际空运危规: -\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>14.5 环境危险\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 欧洲陆运危规: 否国际海运危规国际空运危规: 否\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 海洋污染物（是\u002F否）: 否\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>14.6 对使用者的特别提醒\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong> 模块 15 - 法规信息 \u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>N\u002FA\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong> 模块16 - 其他信息 \u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>N\u002FA\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","2026-08-21T07:51:12.859463Z",false,[359,365,371,377,383,389],{"slug":360,"cid":361,"name":362,"nameZh":363,"cas":364},"785891924576833536","J-31543-6","Erythorbic acid","D-异抗坏血酸","89-65-6",{"slug":366,"cid":367,"name":368,"nameZh":369,"cas":370},"785882453465108480","J-4062-2","Calcium acetate hydrate","水合醋酸钙","114460-21-8",{"slug":372,"cid":373,"name":374,"nameZh":375,"cas":376},"785883117448597504","J-1367913-0","lithium cyclohexanebutyrate","环己基丁酸锂","62638-00-0",{"slug":378,"cid":379,"name":380,"nameZh":381,"cas":382},"785883554163724288","J-1413403-6","4-(Methylsulfanyl)aniline hydrochloride","4-(甲硫基)苯胺盐酸盐","39870-00-3",{"slug":384,"cid":385,"name":386,"nameZh":387,"cas":388},"851528225375916032","J-1134994-1","3-methylsulfanylaniline,hydrochloride","3-甲硫基苯胺盐酸盐","94855-95-5",{"slug":390,"cid":391,"name":392,"nameZh":393,"cas":394},"846433262501892096","J-1133935-5","Tropinone hydrochloride","托品酮盐酸盐","4827-85-4",1792622418511,"zh-CN",[398],{"slug":251,"name":250,"nameZh":249,"origin":73,"originFlag":31}]