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搅拌3h.再滴加环戊-6-烯羧酸(cyclopent-3-ene-carboxylicacid)0.784g(7mmol)的三氯甲烷5ml溶液,于15min内滴完,搅拌反应10min.向反应混合物中加入二异丙基乙胺1.57ml(9.0mmol),然后搅拌回流反应12h.冷却至室温,应混合物用CH2CL230ml稀释,搅拌\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>均匀后,用水(40ml*2)洗涤,再用盐水40ml洗涤,振摇后静置分层,有机层用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤,将滤液减压蒸除溶剂,剩余物进行真空蒸馏,收集150~160 º\u002F13.3Pa馏分,得油状物030-1 1.276g,收率95%;bp150~160 ºC \u002F0.1mmHg(13.3Pa).\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>(2).(1a,3B,4a)-(+-)-3-溴-4-羟基环戊烷甲醇(030-2)的制备\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>在反应瓶中加入化合物030-1 1.74g(9.11mmol)和干燥的THF20ml,搅拌溶解,在氩气保护下,搅拌降温至-25 ºC (用CCl4\u002F干冰浴冷却),保持在-25 ºC 下搅拌滴加3.46mol\u002Fdm3的双(2-甲氧基乙氧基)二氢化铝钠{[(CH3OCH2CH2O)2ALH2]Na}的甲苯溶液2.7ml(9.3mmol),控制15s内滴完,滴毕,继续搅拌2min.向反应混合物加水0.34ml,随即加入150g\u002FL的NaOH水溶液0.34ml,再加水1ml,将反应混合物过滤,滤液用乙酸乙酯10ml稀释,再用饱和NH4Cl水溶液稀释,用乙酸乙酯(15ml*2)提取,合并有机层,无水MgSO4干燥,过滤,将滤液减压下蒸除溶剂,得剩余物030-2粗品1.67g,为无色油状物,收率94%,无需进一步纯化,直接用于下步反应.Rf0.25(20%乙酸乙酯\u002F乙醚).\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>(3).(1a,3a,5a)-6-氧杂双环[3,1,0]己烷-3-甲醇(030-3)的制备\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>在反应瓶中加入上步粗制的化合物030-2 187mg和甲醇2ml,搅拌溶解,往该溶液中加入K2CO3 451mg(3.26mmol)(加时,一次性加入),将混合物搅拌反应12h.过滤,将滤液减压蒸除溶剂,剩余物经硅胶柱色谱纯化(洗脱剂:15%乙醚\u002F石油醚),首先得油状的内消旋环氧化物030-3 41mg,收率35%,随后得未变化的溴代二醇(030-2)92mg.030-3:Rf0.30(乙醚).\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>(4)(1S)-顺式-4-羟基-2-环戊烯-1-甲醇双乙酸酯[即（1S，4R）-1-乙酰氧基-4-（乙酰氧甲基）-环戊基-2-烯]（030-5）的制备\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp> 在反应瓶中加入(1S,2R)-去甲麻黄碱[(1S,2R)-norephedrine]的苯\u002FTHF溶液[888mg(5.87mmol)(1S,2R)-去甲麻黄碱溶于体积比为15:10的苯\u002FTHF],搅拌下于0 ºC 滴加丁基锂的己烷溶液(2.5mol\u002FL)6.5ml(16.2mmol),滴毕,搅拌30min.滴加化合物030-3 200mg(1.75mmol)的THF 3ml溶液,在15min滴加完.滴毕,自然升温至室温,在室温搅拌反应过夜.加入甲醇10ml,反应液搅拌均匀后,通过硅藻土[Celite 545(Fluka)]过滤,滤液在减压下蒸除溶剂,剩余物用1gSiO2吸附,然后用抽吸快速色谱纯化(度洗脱剂:(乙醚-10%乙醚\u002F乙酸乙酯,\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>40ml fractions).得油状物030-4 115mg,收率57%.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>(5).(1S,4R)-4-羟基-3-环戊烯-1-甲醇双乙酸酯[即（1S，4R）-1-乙酰氧基-4-（乙酰氧甲基）-环戊基-2-烯]（030-5）的制备\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>在反应瓶中加入030-4 391mg(3.4mmol)、乙酸酐1.3ml(14mmol)和二甲基氨基吡啶(DMAP)40mg(0.3mmol)的吡啶20ml溶液,上述物料时应在搅拌下,并控制温度在25 ºC ,加好物料仍控制温度在25 ºC 搅拌反应12h.将反应混合物用乙醚100ml释,搅拌均匀后,反应混合物的乙醚溶液用水100ml洗涤,再用饱和的NH4CL水溶液(100ml*2)洗涤,最后用盐水100ml洗涤.分取有机层,用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤,滤液于减压下蒸除溶剂,剩余物经硅胶柱色谱纯化(洗脱剂:35%乙醚\u002F石油醚混合溶剂),得白色半固体的030-5 660mg,收率97%,Rf0.30(35%乙醚\u002F石油醚).\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>(6).2-氨基-6-(环丙氨基)9H-嘌呤（030-8）的制备\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>在反应瓶中加入2-氨基-6-氯嘌呤（030-6）（外购或按文献[21~23]的方法制备）5.0g(0.0295mol)和甲醇15ml,搅拌混合,再加入环丙胺(030-7)12.5ml(10.3g,0.1804mol),将该悬浮液加热至回流,搅拌回流反应28h.降温至40 ºC ,然后真空下蒸出过量的环丙胺和溶剂,得黄-橙色泡沫状物。将泡沫状物用异丙醇200ml和甲醇50ml溶解,搅拌下加入K2CO3 5.0g(0.0362mol),冷至0~5 ºC ,在该温度下搅拌30min.过滤,滤液浓缩,剩余物于45 ºC 真空下干燥64h.得橙色泡沫状物7.11g.将该泡物用乙腈71.1ml和异丙醇71.1ml重结晶,过滤,滤饼在真空下干燥(45 ºC)则得到淡橙色固体030-8 4.42g(或者可先用小样摸索重结晶,即取泡沫状物\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>1g比例用乙腈和异丙醇混合溶剂重结晶),收率：78.8%，mp150~152 ºC.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>(7).(1S,4R)- 4-[2-氨基-6-(环丙氨基)-9H-嘌呤-9-基]环戊烯(基)-1-甲醇(阿巴卡韦)030的合成\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>在反应瓶中加入030-8 1.0g(0.0053mol)、碳酸铯1.75g(0.0054mol)和干燥的DMSO 50ml,在N2保护下,搅拌升温至60 ºC ,并在该温度下搅拌2h.将混合物冷至室温,然后加入四(三苯基磷)合钯(TTP)[0.85(0.00074mol)]和化合物030-5[0.79g(0.0034mol)]的DMSO(10ml)溶液,搅拌加热至65 ºC ,持65 ºC 下搅拌反应2.25h.混合液中即含化合物030-9.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>向混合液中加入甲醇100ml和K2CO3 2.10g,将混合物于40 ºC 搅拌反应45min.此时有固体沉淀,将其通过硅藻土层过滤,滤液于90 ºC 下真空蒸发至小体积,剩余胶状物用二氯甲烷(100ml*2)捣磨,得棕色固体剩余物经硅胶(Merck 9385)柱色谱纯化[洗脱剂:二氯甲烷\u002F甲醇(积比9:1)],得黄色泡沫状物030 0.26 g,收率26.8\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ctd>\n\r\n                                        \r\n                                        阿巴卡韦\n\u003Cb>修改号码：5.3\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块1. 化学品\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 产品名称：\n\u003Cb>Abacavir\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 修改号码：\n\u003Cb>5.3\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块2. 危险性概述\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>GHS分类\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　物理性危害未分类\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　健康危害\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 呼吸敏感性\n\u003Cb>1B类\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 皮肤敏感性\n\u003Cb>1B类\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 生殖细胞敏感性\n\u003Cb>第2级\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 生殖毒性\n\u003Cb>第2级\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　环境危害未分类\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>GHS标签元素\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　图标或危害标志\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　信号词危险\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　危险描述吸入可能导致过敏或哮喘或呼吸困难\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 可能导致皮肤过敏性反应\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 怀疑会造成遗传缺陷\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 怀疑会损害生育能力或胎儿\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　防范说明\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>[预防]\u003C\u002Fb>使用前获取特定手册。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 处理前必须阅读并理解所有安全措施。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 避免吸入。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 受污染的工作服不允许带出工作场所。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 万一通风不够，佩戴防护面具。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>穿戴防护手套\u002F护目镜\u002F防护面具。\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>[急救措施]\u003C\u002Fb>吸入：若呼吸困难，将受害者移到新鲜空气处，在呼吸舒适的地方保持休息。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 皮肤接触：用大量肥皂和水轻轻洗。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>若皮肤刺激或发生皮疹：求医\u002F就诊。\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 被污染的衣物清洗后方可重新使用。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>如接触到或相关接触：求医\u002F就诊。\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 阿巴卡韦\n\u003Cb>修改号码：5.3\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块2. 危险性概述\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>[储存]\u003C\u002Fb>存放处须加锁。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>[废弃处置]\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cb>根据当地政府规定把物品\u002F容器交与工业废弃处理机构。\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块3. 成分\u002F组成信息\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>单一物质\u002F混和物\u003C\u002Fb>单一物质\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>化学名(中文名)：\u003C\u002Fb>阿巴卡韦\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 百分比：\n\u003Cb>>98.0%(HPLC)(T)\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>CAS编码：\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cb>136470-78-5\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 俗名：\n\u003Cb>(1S,4R)-4-[2-Amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl]-2-cyclopentene-1-\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>methanol\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 分子式：\n\u003Cb>C14H18N6O\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块4. 急救措施\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 吸入：\n\u003Cb>将受害者移到新鲜空气处，保持呼吸通畅，休息。求医\u002F就诊。\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 皮肤接触：\n\u003Cb>立即去除\u002F脱掉所有被污染的衣物。用大量肥皂和水轻轻洗。\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>求医\u002F就诊。\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 眼睛接触：用水小心清洗几分钟。如果方便，易操作，摘除隐形眼镜。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>求医\u002F就诊。\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 食入：\n\u003Cb>求医\u002F就诊。漱口。\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 紧急救助者的防护：救援者需要穿戴个人防护用品，比如橡胶手套和气密性护目镜。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块5. 消防措施\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 合适的灭火剂：干粉，泡沫，雾状水，二氧化碳\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 特殊危险性：小心，燃烧或高温下可能分解产生毒烟。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 特定方法：从上风处灭火，根据周围环境选择合适的灭火方法。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 非相关人员应该撤离至安全地方。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 周围一旦着火：如果安全，移去可移动容器。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 消防员的特殊防护用具：灭火时，一定要穿戴个人防护用品。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块6. 泄漏应急处理\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 个人防护措施，防护用具，\n\u003Cb>使用特殊的个人防护用品（针对有毒颗粒的P3过滤式空气呼吸器）。远离溢出物\u002F泄露\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 紧急措施：处并处在上风处。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 泄露区应该用安全带等圈起来，控制非相关人员进入。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 环保措施：防止进入下水道。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 控制和清洗的方法和材料：清扫收集粉尘，封入密闭容器。注意切勿分散。附着物或收集物应该立即根据合适的\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 法律法规处置。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块7. 操作处置与储存\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 处理\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 技术措施：在通风良好处进行处理。穿戴合适的防护用具。防止粉尘扩散。处理后彻底清洗双手\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 和脸。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 注意事项：如果可能，使用封闭系统。如果粉尘或浮质产生，使用局部排气。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 操作处置注意事项：避免所有部位的接触！\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 贮存\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 储存条件：保持容器密闭。存放于凉爽、阴暗处。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 存放处须加锁。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 远离不相容的材料比如氧化剂存放。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 包装材料：依据法律。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 阿巴卡韦\n\u003Cb>修改号码：5.3\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块8. 接触控制和个体防护\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 工程控制：尽可能安装封闭体系或局部排风系统。同时安装淋浴器和洗眼器。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 个人防护用品\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　呼吸系统防护：\n\u003Cb>防尘面具，自携式呼吸器（SCBA），供气呼吸器等。使用通过政府标准的呼吸器。依\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 据当地和政府法规。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　手部防护：防渗手套。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　眼睛防护：护目镜。如果情况需要，佩戴面具。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　皮肤和身体防护：防渗防护服。如果情况需要，穿戴防护靴。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块9. 理化特性\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>外形（20°C）：\u003C\u002Fb>固体\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 外观：\n\u003Cb>晶体-粉末\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 颜色：\n\u003Cb>白色-极淡的黄色\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 气味：无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>pH:\u003C\u002Fb>无数据资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 熔点：\n\u003Cb>161°C (分解)\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>沸点\u002F沸程\u003C\u002Fb>无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 闪点：无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 爆炸特性\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　爆炸下限：无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　爆炸上限：无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 密度：无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 溶解度：\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>[水]\u003C\u002Fb>不溶于\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>[其他溶剂]\u003C\u002Fb>无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块10. 稳定性和反应性\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 化学稳定性：一般情况下稳定。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 危险反应的可能性：未报道特殊反应性。\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 须避免接触的物质氧化剂\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>危险的分解产物:\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cb>一氧化碳, 二氧化碳, 氮氧化物 (NOx)\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块11. 毒理学信息\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 急性毒性：无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 对皮肤腐蚀或刺激：无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 对眼睛严重损害或刺激：无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 生殖细胞变异原性：\n\u003Cb>dnd-hmn-oth 100 umol\u002FL\u002F3D\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 致癌性：\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>IARC =\u003C\u002Fb>无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>NTP =\u003C\u002Fb>无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 生殖毒性：无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>RTECS 号码:\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cb>GY5979200\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块12. 生态学信息\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 生态毒性：\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 鱼类：无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 甲壳类：无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 藻类：无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>残留性 \u002F 降解性：\u003C\u002Fb>无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>潜在生物累积 （BCF):\u003C\u002Fb>无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 阿巴卡韦\n\u003Cb>修改号码：5.3\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块12. 生态学信息\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 土壤中移动性\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>　log水分配系数：\u003C\u002Fb>无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>　土壤吸收系数 （Koc）：\u003C\u002Fb>无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　亨利定律无资料\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>constant(PaM3\u002Fmol):\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块13. 废弃处置\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 如果可能，回收处理。请咨询当地管理部门。建议在可燃溶剂中溶解混合，在装有后燃和洗涤装置的化学焚烧炉中\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 焚烧。废弃处置时请遵守国家、地区和当地的所有法规。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块14. 运输信息\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 联合国分类：与联合国分类标准不一致\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>UN编号：\u003C\u002Fb>未列明\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong>模块15. 法规信息\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb>《危险化学品安全管理条例》（2002年1月26日国务院发布，2011年2月16日修订）: 针对危险化学品的安全使用、\u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 生产、储存、运输、装卸等方面均作了相应的规定。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cstrong> 模块16 - 其他信息 \u003C\u002Fstrong>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>N\u002FA\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","2026-08-21T07:51:12.859463Z",false,[305,311,317,323,329,335],{"slug":306,"cid":307,"name":308,"nameZh":309,"cas":310},"785894562861158400","J-38022-5","Luteolin","木犀草素","491-70-3",{"slug":312,"cid":313,"name":314,"nameZh":315,"cas":316},"785872087020474368","J-1990991-8","Alizarin Yellow R","茜素黄R","2243-76-7",{"slug":318,"cid":319,"name":320,"nameZh":321,"cas":322},"785889602677248000","J-1959100-5","Ataluren","阿塔鲁伦","775304-57-9",{"slug":324,"cid":325,"name":326,"nameZh":327,"cas":328},"785884649673986048","J-23784-4","Ammonium ferrocyanide","亚铁氰化铵","14481-29-9",{"slug":330,"cid":331,"name":332,"nameZh":333,"cas":334},"785883053602902016","J-6816-1","Neutral Red","中性红","553-24-2",{"slug":336,"cid":337,"name":338,"nameZh":339,"cas":340},"785883839846158336","J-9665-6","propineb","丙森锌","12071-83-9",1792669193064,"zh-CN",[]]