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IARC致癌性评论：G3，对人及动物致癌性证据不足。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>苯甲酰氯生态学数据:\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>1.生态毒性\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>LC50：43mg\u002FL（24h），35mg\u002FL（48h），35mg\u002FL（96h）（黑头呆鱼）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>2.生物降解性\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>好氧生物降解（h）：168~672\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>厌氧生物降解（h）：672~2688\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>3.非生物降解性\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>光解最大光吸收（nm）：293\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>空气中光氧化半衰期（h）：102~1024\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>一级水解半衰期（h）：0.00472\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fen\u002Fcas\u002F98-88-4_951616.html#duXinDiv\">苯甲酰氯毒性英文版\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","\u003Cp>其制备方法有以下几种。\u003Cbr \u002F>(1)光气法\u003Cbr \u002F>将苯甲酸加热熔融，于140～150℃通入光气，通入一定量后达终点，用氮气赶光气，尾气吸收破坏，最后产品经减压蒸馏而得。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>(2)三氯化磷法\u003Cbr \u002F>将苯甲酸溶于甲苯等溶剂中，滴加三氯化磷，滴完后反应数小时，蒸馏脱去甲苯，再蒸出成品。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>(3)三氯甲基苯法\u003Cbr \u002F>将甲苯进行侧链氯化，然后水解得产品。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>(4)甲苯与氯气在光照情况下经侧链氯化反应得到三氯甲苯后，在酸性介质中水解而得。或苯甲酸与光反应而得。也可以将苯甲酸与四氯化硅反应得到。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>(5)用四氯化硅、对苯甲酸进行酰氯化，然后进行蒸馏精制。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ctd>\n\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 国标编号: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 81121 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> ＣＡＳ: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 98-88-4 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 中文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 苯甲酰氯 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 英文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> Benzoyl chloride \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 别 名: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 氯化苯甲酰；苯酰氯 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子式: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> C\u003Csub>7\u003C\u002Fsub>H\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>ClO；C\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>H\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>CClO \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子量: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 140.57 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 熔 点: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> -0.5℃ 沸点：197℃ \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 密 度: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 相对密度(水=1)1.22； \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 蒸汽压: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 68℃ \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 溶解性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 溶于醚、二硫化碳 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 稳定性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 稳定 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 外观与性状: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 无色发烟液体 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 危险标记: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 20(酸性腐蚀品) \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 用 途: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 用于医药、有机合成中间体 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\n\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb> 2.对环境的影响: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、健康危害 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>健康危害：对眼睛、皮肤粘膜和呼吸道有强烈的刺激作用。吸入可能由于喉、支气管的痉挛、水肿、炎症、化学性肺炎、肺水肿而致死。中毒表现有烧灼感、咳嗽、喘息、喉炎、气短、头痛、恶心、呕吐。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、毒理学资料及环境行为 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>急性毒性：LC501870mg\u002Fm3，2小时(大鼠吸入) \n\u003Cbr \u002F>亚急性和慢性毒性：人吸入2ppm×1月，引起刺激的最低浓度。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>危险特性：遇明火、高热或与氧化剂接触，有引起燃烧爆炸的危险。遇水反应发热放出有毒的腐蚀性气体。有腐蚀性。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氯化氢、光气。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>3.现场应急监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>　 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>4.实验室监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>空气中的测定：先将本品硝化，然后对二硝基苯甲酸进行比色测定。灵敏度为5mg\u002Fm3。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>5.环境标准: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>前苏联(1975)车间卫生标准 5mg\u002Fm3 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>6.应急处理处置方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、泄漏应急处理 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>疏散泄漏污染区人员至安全区，禁止无关人员进入污染区，建议应急处理人员戴自给式呼吸器，穿化学防护服。不要直接接触泄漏物，在确保安全情况下堵漏。喷水雾减慢挥发(或扩散)，但不要对泄漏物或泄漏点直接喷水。勿使泄漏物与可燃物质(木材、纸、油等)接触，用沙土、蛭石或其它惰性材料吸收，然后收集运至废物处理场所处置。大量泄漏：最好不用水处理，在技术人员指导下清除。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、防护措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>呼吸系统防护：可能接触其蒸气或烟雾时，必须佩带防毒面具。紧急事态抢救或逃生时，建议佩带自给式呼吸器。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛防护：戴化学安全防护眼镜。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>防护服：穿工作服(防腐材料制作)。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>手防护：戴橡皮手套。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>其它：工作后，淋浴更衣。单独存放被毒物污染的衣服，洗后再用。保持良好的卫生习惯。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>三、急救措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>皮肤接触：脱去污染的衣着，用肥皂水及清水彻底冲洗。若有灼伤，就医治疗。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗至少15分钟。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。必要时进行人工呼吸。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>食入：患者清醒时立即漱口，给饮牛奶或蛋清。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>灭火方法：干粉、砂土、二氧化碳、泡沫。禁止用水。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr 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