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\u002F>摄入剂量： 9380 mg\u002Fkg\u002F52D-I \u003Cbr \u002F>测试对象：啮齿动物-鼠\u003Cbr \u002F>毒性类型： MutipleDose \u003Cbr \u002F>毒性作用： 1).磷的变化\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>2、 \u003Cbr \u002F>试验方法：口服\u003Cbr \u002F>摄入剂量： 2307 mg\u002Fkg\u002F26W-I \u003Cbr \u002F>测试对象：啮齿动物-鼠\u003Cbr \u002F>毒性类型： MutipleDose \u003Cbr \u002F>毒性作用： 1).改变电机活动（具体分析） \u003Cbr \u002F>2).血清中成分的变化（如茶多酚，胆红素，胆固醇） \u003Cbr \u002F>3).诱导或改变血液或组织水平-磷酸酶\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>3 、\u003Cbr \u002F>试验方法：口服\u003Cbr \u002F>摄入剂量： 100 mg\u002Fkg\u002F48W-C \u003Cbr \u002F>测试对象：啮齿动物-鼠\u003Cbr \u002F>毒性类型： MutipleDose \u003Cbr \u002F>毒性作用： 1).改变电机活动（具体分析）\u003Cbr \u002F>2).改变操作条件反射\u003Cbr \u002F>对皮肤、黏膜有刺激作用。当人体接触无水氯化铝，并同时接触水时，能剧烈灼烧皮肤。吸入高浓度可引起支气管炎和支气管哮喘。\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>4.急性毒性 LD50：3730mg\u002Fkg（大鼠经口）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>5.刺激性 家兔经皮：10%，重度刺激（开放性刺激试验）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>6.亚急性与慢性毒性 用含355ppm本品的饲料喂40d，观察中毒动物的肝、脾、肾，可见铝在体内对磷代谢有明显影响，可阻碍其吸收。小鸡饲料中达4400ppm时，可致严重佝偻病。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>7.致突变性DNA损伤：大鼠腹水瘤500μmol\u002FL。细胞遗传学分析：小鼠腹腔内444mg\u002Fkg。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>8.致畸形 大鼠孕后14~18d腹腔内给予最低中毒剂量（TDLo）500mg\u002Fkg，致肌肉骨骼系统发育畸形。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>氯化铝生态学数据:\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>1.生态毒性 LC50：80mg\u002FL（48h）（斑马鱼）；27.1mg\u002FL（96h）（食蚊鱼）；3.9mg\u002FL（48h）（水蚤，静态）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>2.生物降解性 暂无资料\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>3.非生物降解性 暂无资料\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fen\u002Fcas\u002F7446-70-0_829412.html#duXinDiv\">氯化铝毒性英文版\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","\u003Cp>1.金属铝法 将铝锭放入密闭的氯化反应炉内，加热并通氯气进行氯化反应，生成的氯化铝升华进入捕集器，经捕集，即制得氯化铝成品。反应方程式如下：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>2.铝氧粉法 将一定粒度的工业氧化铝与石油焦按一定比例投入焙烧炉内混合均匀，由炉底通入空气进行焙烧。焙烧后的物料进入氯化炉，炉中通入氯气和氧气，铝氧粉在还原剂炭的存在下与氯反应。生成的气相产物经预冷、净化去捕集器，制得氯化铝成品。尾气经氢氧化钠或亚硫酸钠溶液吸收处理后排空。反应方程式如下：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>3.熔融法 将金属铝加热熔融后通入无水氯化氢，而制得。反应方程式如下：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>图XIII 16 氯化铝反应装置 1-氯化氢；2-铝粉；3-去通风橱；4-石棉；5-电炉\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>4.将直径为25～40mm的难熔燃烧管的一端延伸拉细。粗的一端通过软木塞插入广口瓶中(参阅图16)。软木塞开有另一孔，利用细玻璃管，使反应后产生的气体通过此细玻璃管排入通风橱中。在燃烧管中装有10～40g的铝粉。将燃烧管放进电炉中，用迅速流动的干燥氯化氢气将空气完全置换后，慢慢加热燃烧管直至产生白烟。此时，应注意勿使反应热将铝粉熔融成球状，达到某一温度时，大量的氯化铝升华至广口瓶中，直到铝反应完毕。在燃烧管全长中，非加热部分越短越好。否则，氯化铝就可能在这一部分凝固而使燃烧管堵塞。再者，为使装在广口瓶上的软木塞不被烧焦，有必要紧靠前面置以石棉。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>5.将市售的氯化铝与质量约为其10%的铝屑充分混合。混合物放进升华管中，在升华过程中导入适量的干燥氯化氢气体。将粗而短的管与收集器烧瓶连接起来。连接干燥管的全系统应在防止湿气下保护起来。进一步精制时，可在氮气流中进行升华。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ctd>\n\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 国标编号: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 81045 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> ＣＡＳ: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 7446-70-0 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 中文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 三氯化铝 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 英文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> Aluminium trichloride \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 别 名: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 氯化铝 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子式: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> AlCl\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub> \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子量: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 133.35 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 熔 点: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 190℃(253kPa) \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 密 度: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 相对密度(水=1)2.44 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 蒸汽压: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 100℃ \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 溶解性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 易溶于水、醇、氯仿、四氯化碳，微溶于苯 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 稳定性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 稳定 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 外观与性状: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 白色颗粒或粉末，有强盐酸气味。工业品呈淡黄色 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 危险标记: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 20(酸性腐蚀品) \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 用 途: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 用作有机合成中的催化剂，制备铝有机化合物以及金属的炼制 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\n\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb> 2.对环境的影响: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、健康危害 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>健康危害：吸入高浓度氯化铝可刺激上呼吸道产生支气管炎，并且对皮肤、粘膜有刺激作用，个别人可引起支气管哮喘。误服量大时，可引起口腔糜烂、胃炎、胃出血和粘膜坏死。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>慢性作用：长期接触可引起头痛、头晕、食欲减退、咳嗽、鼻塞、胸痛等症状。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、毒理学资料及环境行为 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>急性毒性：LD503730mg\u002Fkg(大鼠经口) \n\u003Cbr \u002F>危险特性：遇水反应发热放出有毒的腐蚀性气体。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>燃烧(分解)产物：氯化物、氧化铝。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>3.现场应急监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>　 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>4.实验室监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>电位法同时测定氯化铝和盐酸——(Kotova,V.N.；Burdian,G.G.；Komarova,A.A.；Gorlanova,O.V.)， 《Ж.aHaЛ.XИM.》，1983，38，No4，657-659(俄文)。《分析化学文摘》，1985.2 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>5.环境标准: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>美国 车间卫生标准 2mg\u002Fm3 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>6.应急处理处置方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、泄漏应急处理 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>隔离泄漏污染区，周围设警告标志，建议应急处理人员戴自给式呼吸器，穿化学防护服。不要直接接触泄漏物，勿使泄漏物与可燃物质(木材、纸、油等)接触，用清洁的铲子收集于密闭容器中作好标记，等待处理。如果大量泄漏，最好不用水处理，在技术人员指导下清除。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、防护措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>呼吸系统防护：可能接触其粉尘时，应该佩带防尘口罩。必要时佩带防毒面具。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛防护：戴化学安全防护眼镜。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>防护服：穿工作服(防腐材料制作)。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>手防护：戴橡皮手套。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>其它：工作后，淋浴更衣。单独存放被毒物污染的衣服，洗后再用。保持良好的卫生习惯。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>三、急救措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>皮肤接触：立即脱去污染的衣着，用大量流动清水彻底冲洗。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用流动清水冲洗10分钟或用2%碳酸氢钠溶液冲洗。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。注意保暖，保持呼吸道通畅。必要时进行人工呼吸。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>食入：患者清醒时立即漱口，给饮牛奶或蛋清。立即就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>灭火方法：干粉、砂土。禁止用水。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","2026-08-21T07:51:12.859463Z",false,[339,345,351,357,363,369],{"slug":340,"cid":341,"name":342,"nameZh":343,"cas":344},"785895048301514752","J-39926-9","Dioxoruthenium","二氧化钌","12036-10-1",{"slug":346,"cid":347,"name":348,"nameZh":349,"cas":350},"785898774944813056","J-1381792-1","Lithium tetraborate trihydrate","四硼酸锂三水合物","37195-62-3",{"slug":352,"cid":353,"name":354,"nameZh":355,"cas":356},"785873158019223552","J-1333258-5","Lithium Iodide Hydrate","碘化锂水合物","85017-80-7",{"slug":358,"cid":359,"name":360,"nameZh":361,"cas":362},"785881990984372224","J-21733-6","Lithium iodide","无水碘化锂","10377-51-2",{"slug":364,"cid":365,"name":366,"nameZh":367,"cas":368},"785889730477690880","J-28494-7","Ammonium sulfate","硫酸铵","7783-20-2",{"slug":370,"cid":371,"name":372,"nameZh":373,"cas":374},"785892482805141504","J-32650-6","Diammonium phosphate","磷酸氢二铵","7783-28-0",1792592942148,"zh-CN",[]]