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微核试验：小鼠经口1800mg\u002Fkg（9d）（连续）。DNA损伤：小鼠经口645mg\u002Fkg。细胞遗传学分析：小鼠淋巴细胞600mg\u002FL。哺乳动物体细胞突变：小鼠淋巴细胞400mg\u002FL\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>10.致畸性 大鼠孕后6~15d经口染毒最低中毒剂量（TDLo）4g\u002Fkg，致心血管系统发育畸形。大鼠孕后6~15d经口染毒最低中毒剂量（TDLo）14g\u002Fkg，致泌尿生殖系统发育畸形。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>11.致癌性 IARC致癌性评论：G3，对人及动物致癌性证据不足。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>二氯乙酸生态学数据:\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>1.生态毒性 LC50：0.07~0.12mg\u002FL（48h）（鱼）；0.025~0.12mg\u002FL（48h）（无脊椎动物）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>2.生物降解性 暂无资料\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>3.非生物降解性 空气中，当羟基自由基浓度为5.00×10\u003Csup>5\u003C\u002Fsup>个\u002Fcm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>时，降解半衰期为22d（理论）。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fen\u002Fcas\u002F79-43-6_829308.html#duXinDiv\">二氯乙酸毒性英文版\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","\u003Cp>1.醋酸氯化母液回收法由醋酸氯化得氯乙酸母液，氯乙酸母液在硫磺催化下，进行氯化反应，经蒸馏而得。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>2.三氯乙醛法三氯乙醛经氰化、脱氯化氢和水解而得。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>3.乙酸法由乙酸在碘催化下经氯化而得。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>精制方法：将由乙酸氯化得到的粗制品用低级醇进行酯化，分馏后将酯皂化可得纯品。若需分离二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸的混合物，可用水解的方法。三氯乙酸水解后生成氯仿和二氧化碳，再用不溶于水的溶剂如乙醚萃取二氯乙酸。此外，也可用苯重结晶的方法精制。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ctd>\n\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 国标编号: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 81605 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> ＣＡＳ: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 79-43-6 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 中文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 二氯乙酸 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 英文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> Dichloroacetic acid \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 别 名: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 二氯醋酸 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子式: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> C\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>Cl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>；Cl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>CHCOOH \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子量: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 128.95 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 熔 点: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 9～11℃ 沸点：194℃ \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 密 度: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 相对密度(水=1)1.56； \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 蒸汽压: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> >110℃ \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 溶解性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 溶于水、乙醇、乙醚 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 稳定性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 稳定 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 外观与性状: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 无色液体，有刺鼻气味 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 危险标记: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 20(酸性腐蚀品) \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 用 途: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 用于有机合成和药物制造 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\n\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb> 2.对环境的影响: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、健康危害 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>健康危害：大鼠吸入本品饱和蒸气8小时，未见引起死亡但可产生严重的皮肤和眼损害。二氯乙酸具有强烈的角质剥脱作用 。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、毒理学资料及环境行为 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>毒性：属低毒类。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>急性毒性：LD502820mg\u002Fkg(大鼠经口)；510mg\u002Fkg(兔经皮) \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>危险特性：遇明火、高热可燃。与强氧化剂可发生反应。受高热分解产生有毒的腐蚀性气体。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氯化氢。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>3.现场应急监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>　 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>4.实验室监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>液-液萃取气相色谱法《水和废水标准检验法》(20版) \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>5.环境标准: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>前苏联 车间空气中有害物质的最高容许浓度 4mg\u002Fm3[皮] \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>6.应急处理处置方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、泄漏应急处理 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>疏散泄漏污染区人员至安全区，禁止无关人员进入污染区，建议应急处理人员戴自给式呼吸器，穿化学防护服。不要直接接触泄漏物，在确保安全情况下堵漏。用沙土或其它不燃性吸附剂混合吸收，然后收集运至废物处理场所处置。也可以用大量水冲洗，经稀释的洗水放入废水系统。如大量泄漏，利用围堤收容，然后收集、转移、回收或无害处理后废弃。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、防护措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>呼吸系统防护：高浓度环境中，应该佩带防毒面具。紧急事态抢救或逃生时，佩带自给式呼吸器。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛防护：戴化学安全防护眼镜。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>防护服：穿工作服(防腐材料制作)。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>手防护：戴橡皮手套。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>其它：工作后，淋浴更衣。注意个人清洁卫生。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>三、急救措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>皮肤接触：脱去污染的衣着，立即用水冲洗至少15分钟。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗至少15分钟。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>吸入：脱离现场至空气新鲜处。必要时进行人工呼吸。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>食入：误服者立即漱口，给饮牛奶或蛋清。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>灭火方法：雾状水、泡沫、二氧化碳、砂土。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","2026-08-21T07:51:12.859463Z",false,[395,401,407,413,419,425],{"slug":396,"cid":397,"name":398,"nameZh":399,"cas":400},"785893111636168704","J-1571746-1","5-Oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid","5-氧代吡咯烷-3-羧酸","7268-43-1",{"slug":402,"cid":403,"name":404,"nameZh":405,"cas":406},"785896577657999360","J-1516224-1","Zinc PCA","吡咯烷酮羧酸锌","15454-75-8",{"slug":408,"cid":409,"name":410,"nameZh":411,"cas":412},"785873619967283200","J-1401755-3","Methyl pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate","吡咯烷-2-羧酸甲酯","52183-82-1",{"slug":414,"cid":415,"name":416,"nameZh":417,"cas":418},"853359660420304896","J-1135498-1","Methyl L-prolinate","L-脯氨酸甲酯","2577-48-2",{"slug":420,"cid":421,"name":422,"nameZh":423,"cas":424},"785876080870297600","J-12059-7","Lithium benzoate","苯甲酸锂","553-54-8",{"slug":426,"cid":427,"name":428,"nameZh":429,"cas":430},"785881629213069312","J-20311-7","Ethyl 2-methylbutanoate","2-甲基丁酸乙酯","7452-79-1",1792614841947,"zh-CN",[]]