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3",{"key":401,"value":402},"WGK德国","1",{"key":404,"value":405},"RTECS号","ES5425000",{"key":407,"value":408},"包装等级","III",{"key":410,"value":411},"危险类别","8.0",{"key":362,"value":363},"\u003Ctd>\n\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>正丁酸毒理学数据:\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>1、皮肤\u002F眼睛刺激性\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>开放的刺激试验：兔子，皮肤接触：500mg，反应的严重程度：中度。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>标准的Draize试验：兔子，皮肤接触：20mg\u002F24H，反应的严重程度：中度。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>2、急性毒性：大鼠经口LD50：2940mg\u002Fkg；大鼠经吸入LC：＞500mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>；小鼠经口LDLo：500mg\u002Fkg；小鼠经吸入LC：＞500mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>；小鼠经腹腔LD50：3180mg\u002Fkg；小鼠经皮下LD50：3180mg\u002Fkg；小鼠经静脉LD50：800mg\u002Fkg；兔子经皮肤接触LD50：530μL\u002Fkg；\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>3、其他多剂量毒性：大鼠经吸入TDLo：14mg\u002Fkg\u002F7D-C；小鼠经口TDLo：33600mg\u002Fkg\u002F7D-C；仓鼠经口TDLo：14mg\u002Fkg\u002F7D-C；\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>4、致突变性\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>人HeLa细胞的DNA损害：3mmol\u002FL；\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>人淋巴细胞的DNA抑制：4mmol\u002FL；\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>鸡的纤维细胞的DNA损害：2mmol\u002FL；\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>5、属低毒类。其蒸气能引起皮肤和眼睛的炎症。工作场所最高容许浓度10.0mg\u002Fm3。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>6.急性毒性\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>LD50：2000mg\u002Fkg（大鼠经口）；530mg\u002Fkg（兔经皮）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>7.刺激性\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>家兔经皮：500mg，中度刺激（开放性刺激试验）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>正丁酸生态学数据:\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>1.生态毒性\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>LC50：200~5000mg\u002FL（96h）（鱼）；61mg\u002FL（48h）（水蚤）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>2.生物降解性\u003Csup> \u003C\u002Fsup>活性污泥法，初始浓度100mg\u002FL，5d去除率72%。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>3.非生物降解性 暂无资料\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fen\u002Fcas\u002F107-92-6_401670.html#duXinDiv\">正丁酸毒性英文版\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","\u003Cp>1.可由糖的适宜发酵制备，也可将丁醇或丁醛经氧化制备；还可由正丙醇与一氧化碳在一定压力下用四羰基镍和碘化镍催化制得。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>2.丁酸天然存在于奶油、香茅、肉豆蔻等，工业上用空气或氧气氧化丁醛制得；或以淀粉或糖为原料，用丁酸菌发酵得产品；也可以正戊醇为原料，用浓硝酸氧化成正丁酸。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>精制方法：在250mL丁酸中加5g高锰酸钾蒸馏后再分馏，收集时将开始馏出的1\u002F3弃去。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>3.制法： \u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>于装有搅拌器，回流冷凝器，温度计和滴液漏斗的反应瓶中，加入重铬酸钠25g，水100mL，浓硫酸20mL。搅拌下加热至80～85℃。慢慢滴加正丁醇（2）7.5g（0.1mol），控制滴加速度以反应瓶中的白烟不要冒出冷凝器，约20min加完。反应放热，控制反应温度95～100℃。加完后继续反应20min。反应结束时，冷凝器中没有白烟。反应结束后立即进行蒸馏，收集约60～80mL馏出液。馏出液中加入氢氧化钠4g，回流0.5h。冷至室温，用乙醚提取两次以除去未反应的丁醇。水层用硫酸酸化至强酸性。乙醚提取（15mL×3）。合并乙醚层，无水氯化钙干燥。水浴蒸出乙醚，而后蒸馏，收集158～164℃的馏分\u003Csup>①\u003C\u002Fsup>，得无色正丁酸（1）6g，收率68%。注：①前馏分重新蒸馏，可得到少量158～164℃的馏分。\u003Csup>[]\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ctd>\n\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 国标编号: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 81620 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> ＣＡＳ: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 107-92-6 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 中文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 丁酸 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 英文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> Butyric acid \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 别 名: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 酪酸 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子式: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> C\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>H\u003Csub>8\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>；CH\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>CH\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>CH\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>COOH \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子量: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 88.11 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 熔 点: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> -7.9℃ 沸点：163.5℃ \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 密 度: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 相对密度(水=1)0.96； \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 蒸汽压: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 71.7℃ \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 溶解性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 与水混溶，可混溶于乙醇、乙醚 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 稳定性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 稳定 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 外观与性状: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 无色液体,有腐臭的酸味 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 危险标记: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 20(腐蚀品) \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 用 途: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 用作萃取剂、脱钙剂、酯类合成，也用以制取香料、杀菌剂和乳化剂等 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\n\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb> 2.对环境的影响: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 一、健康危害 \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>健康危害：高浓度一次接触，可引起皮肤、眼或粘膜和中度刺激性损害。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 二、毒理学资料及环境行为 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>毒性：属低毒类。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>急性毒性：LD\n\u003Csub>50\u003C\u002Fsub>2000mg\u002Fkg(大鼠经口)；530mg\u002Fkg(兔经皮)\n\u003Cbr \u002F>危险特性：遇明火、高热或与氧化剂接触，有引起燃烧爆炸的危险。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb> 3.现场应急监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>土壤中挥发性脂肪酸的快速萃取和分析[刊，英]\u002FPaul J.W.；Beauchamp E.G.\u002F\u002FCommun.Soil Sci.Plant Anal.-1989,20(1\u002F2).-85～94 《分析化学文摘 》1990.6. \n\n\u003Cb>4.实验室监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 气相色谱法《空气中有害物质的测定方法》，杭士平主编 \n\n\u003Cb>5.环境标准: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>前苏联\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>车间空气中有害物质的最高容许浓度\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>10mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup> \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>前苏联(1975)\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>居民区大气中有害物最大允许浓度\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>0.015mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>(最大值，昼夜均值)\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>前苏联\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>污水中有害物质最高允许浓度\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>10mg\u002FL\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\n\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\n\u003Cb>6.应急处理处置方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 一、泄漏应急处理 \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 疏散泄漏污染区人员至安全区，禁止无关人员进入污染区，建议应急处理人员戴自给式呼吸器，穿化学防护服。不要直接接触泄漏物，在确保安全情况下堵漏。用沙土或其它不燃性吸附剂混合吸收，收集运至废物处理场所处置。也可以用大量水冲洗，经稀释的洗水放入废水系统。如大量泄漏，利用围堤收容，然后收集、转移、回收或无害处理后废弃。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 二、防护措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 呼吸系统防护：空气中浓度超标时，应该佩戴防毒面具。必要时佩带自给式呼吸器。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛防护：戴化学安全防护眼镜。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>防护服：穿工作服(防腐材料制作)。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>手防护：戴橡皮手套。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>其它：工作后，淋浴更衣。注意个人清洁卫生。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 三、急救措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 皮肤接触：脱去污染的衣着，立即用流动清水彻底冲洗。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗至少15分钟。就医。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。必要时进行人工呼吸。就医。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>食入：误服者给饮大量温水，催吐，就医。\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>灭火方法：雾状水、泡沫、二氧化碳、砂土。\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","2026-08-21T07:51:12.859463Z",false,[419,425,431,437,443,449,455,461,467,473,479,485],{"slug":420,"cid":421,"name":422,"nameZh":423,"cas":424},"785883134766878720","J-1152836-2","2-Fluoroacrylic acid","2-氟丙烯酸","430-99-9",{"slug":426,"cid":427,"name":428,"nameZh":429,"cas":430},"785893066018918400","J-1495052-8","Magnesium carbonate","碳酸镁","546-93-0",{"slug":432,"cid":433,"name":434,"nameZh":435,"cas":436},"785896671492968448","J-1516621-9","lithium methacrylate","甲基丙烯酸锂","13234-23-6",{"slug":438,"cid":439,"name":440,"nameZh":441,"cas":442},"785871994221498368","J-1990576-1","Lithium thiocyanate 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