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href=\"\u002Fen\u002Fcas\u002F674-82-8_749701.html#duXinDiv\">双乙烯酮毒性英文版\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","\u003Cp>1.工业上乙酸制取双烯酮，也可用丙酮、乙酐、乙酸酯为原料进行热分解。丙酮热分解法可用于小规模生产，这种方法由于副产甲烷，得到的乙烯酮气体的纯度低，同时要除去残留的丙酮也比较困难。冰醋酸在磷酸三乙酯存在下，于750-780℃裂解得乙烯酮，再于8-10℃聚合生成双乙烯酮。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>2.将三只洗气瓶串连，分别置于千冰一丙酮冷阱中，在第二、第三只洗气瓶中各加入150毫升无水丙酮。通入乙烯酮气体(注)，直至通入量达到2摩尔，约需4一4.5小时。在乙烯酮通入1.5小时后，倒出第一只冷阱中的干冰一乙酮，在乙烯酮通入结束2小时后，倒出第二只冷阱中的干冰一丙酮，再过6小时后，倒出第三只瓶中的干冰一丙酮。在实验开始24小时后，让体系达到室温。合并洗气瓶中的液体进行分馏。先除去丙酮，收集67-69℃\u002F92mm的馏份为产品，重42-46克(50一55%)。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ctd>\n\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 国标编号: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 33589 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> ＣＡＳ: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 674-82-8 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 中文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 二乙烯酮 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 英文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> Diketene；Acety ketene \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 别 名: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 双乙烯酮；乙酰(基)乙烯酮；双烯酮 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子式: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> C\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>H\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>；H\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>CC(O)CH\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>CO \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子量: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 84.07 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 熔 点: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> -7.5℃ 沸点：127.4℃ \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 密 度: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 相对密度(水=1)1.10； \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 蒸汽压: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 34℃ \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 溶解性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 溶于水、多数有机溶剂 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 稳定性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 稳定 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 外观与性状: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 无色液体，有刺激气味 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 危险标记: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 7(易燃液体) \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 用 途: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 用作药物中间体、食品防腐剂、颜料及调节剂 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\n\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb> 2.对环境的影响: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、健康危害 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>健康危害：蒸气对眼和呼吸道有剧烈的刺激作用，有眼灼痛、头痛、窒息感，伴咳嗽、胸痛、眼结膜充血、流泪、流涕，肺部有干湿罗音。严重者引起肺水肿。吸入后到产生症状前有短暂的潜伏期。高浓度与皮肤接触，可引起皮炎或溃疡；眼接触可致角膜化学性灼伤。长期较高浓度接触可能发生肺硬化。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、毒理学资料及环境行为 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>毒性：属低毒类。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>急性毒性：LD50560mg\u002Fkg(大鼠经口)；2830mg\u002Fkg(兔经皮) \n\u003Cbr \u002F>刺激性：家兔经眼：50µg(24小时)，重度刺激。家兔经皮开放性刺激试验：500mg，轻度刺激。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>危险特性：易燃，在无机酸、碱、胺与弗里德尔-克拉夫特催化剂存在下，能猛烈聚合，放出气体使容器爆破。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>3.现场应急监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>　 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>4.实验室监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>热解吸气相色谱法(WS\u002FT167-1999，作业场所空气) \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>5.环境标准: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>　 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>6.应急处理处置方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、泄漏应急处理 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至安全区，并立即隔离150m，严格限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器，穿防毒服。从上风处进入现场。尽可能切断泄漏源，防止进入下水道、排洪沟等限制性空间。小量泄漏：用活性炭或其它惰性材料吸收。也可以用大量水冲洗，洗水稀释后放入废水系统。大量泄漏：构筑围堤或挖坑收容；用泡沫覆盖，降低蒸气灾害。喷雾状水冷却和稀释蒸气、保护现场从员、把泄漏物稀释成不燃物。用防爆泵转移至槽车或专用收集器内，回收或运至废物处理场所处置。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、防护措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>呼吸系统防护：可能接触其蒸气时，应该佩戴过滤式防毒面具(半面罩)或自给式呼吸器。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛防护：呼吸系统防护中已作防护。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>身体防护：穿胶布防毒衣。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>手防护：戴防苯耐油手套。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>其它：工作现场严禁吸烟、进食和饮水。工作毕，淋浴更衣。避免长期反复接触。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>三、急救措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>皮肤接触：脱去被污染的衣着，用大量流动清水冲洗，至少15分钟。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用大量流动清水或生理盐水彻底冲洗至少15分钟。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。如呼吸停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>食入：误服者用水漱口，给饮牛奶或蛋清。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>灭火方法：由于火场中可能发生容器爆破的情况，消防人员须在有防爆掩蔽处操作。灭火剂：泡沫、二氧化碳、干粉、砂土。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr 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