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该物质对环境有危害，应特别注意对水体的污染。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fen\u002Fcas\u002F506-64-9_600382.html#duXinDiv\">氰化银毒性英文版\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","\u003Cp>1.金属银法\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>将金属银先溶于硝酸，然后用水稀释，在不断搅拌下加入氰化钠，直到沉淀完全为止(在整个反应过程中使溶液保持弱酸性)，再将沉淀物经分离、洗涤、干燥得氰化银。其反应式如下：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>2.复分解法\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>在冷的硝酸银饱和溶液中，加浓的氰化钾溶液和氢氰酸经复分解反应得氰化银沉淀物，再经分离，洗涤、干燥得氰化银成品。其反应式如下：\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>3.将饱和硝酸银溶液与计量的78%氰化钾溶液混合，迅速过滤。将析出的氰化银重结晶两次，在140℃干燥4天。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ctd>\n\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 国标编号: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 61001 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> ＣＡＳ: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 506-64-9 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 中文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 氰化银 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 英文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> silver cyanide \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 别 名: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子式: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> AgCN \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子量: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 65.11 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 熔 点: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 320℃(分解) \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 密 度: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 相对密度(水=1)3.95 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 蒸汽压: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 溶解性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 不溶于水，不溶于醇，溶于氨水、碘化钾、热稀硝酸 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 稳定性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 稳定 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 外观与性状: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 白色粉末或淡灰色粉末，无臭无味 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 危险标记: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 13(无机剧毒品) \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 用 途: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 用于医药和镀银 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\n\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 2.对环境的影响 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、健康危害 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>侵入途径：吸入、食入。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>健康危害：受高热或与酸接触，可产生氰化物气体，吸入后引起氰化物中毒，出现头痛、乏力、呼吸困难、皮肤粘膜呈鲜红色、抽搐、昏迷，甚至死亡。对眼和皮肤有刺激性。长期接触本品可出现全身性银质沉着症，眼、鼻、喉、口腔、内脏器官和皮肤均可发生银质沉着。全身皮肤呈灰黑色或浅石板色，高浓度反复接触可致肾损害。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、毒理学资料及环境行为 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>急性毒性：LD50123mg\u002Fkg(大鼠经口) \n\u003Cbr \u002F>危险特性：不燃。受高热或与酸接触会产生剧毒的氰化物气体。与硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、氯酸盐反应剧烈，有发生爆炸的危险。遇酸或露置空气中能吸收水分和二氧化碳，分解出剧毒的氰化氢氧化。水溶液为碱性腐蚀液体。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>燃烧(分解)产物：氰化物。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>3.现场应急监测方法 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>试纸法；速测管法；化学试剂测试组法；分光光度法；离子选择电极法《突发性环境污染事故应急监测与处理处置技术》万本太主编(氰化物) \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>4.实验室监测方法 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>比色法(GB7486-87，GB7487-87)(氰化物) \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>5.环境标准 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>中国(TJ36-79)车间空气中有害物质的最高容许浓度 0.3mg\u002Fm3(HCN)[皮] \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>6.应急处理处置方法 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、泄漏应急处理 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>对泄漏物处理必须戴好防毒面具与手套，扫起，倒至大量水中。加入过量NaClO或漂白粉，放置24小时，确认氰化物全部分解，稀释后放入废水系统。污染区用NaClO溶液或漂白粉浸光24小时后，用大量水冲洗，洗水放入废水系统统一处理。对HCN则应将气体送至通风橱或将气体导入碳酸钠溶液中，加等量的NaClO，以6mol\u002FL NaOH中和，污水放入废水系统做统一处理。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、防护措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>呼吸系统防护：可能接触毒物时，必须佩戴头罩型电动送风过滤式防尘呼吸器。可能接触其粉尘时，应该佩戴隔离式呼吸器。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛防护：呼吸系统防护中已作防护。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>身体防护：穿连衣式胶布防毒衣。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>手防护：戴橡胶手套。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>其它：工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作毕，彻底清洗。车间应配备急救设备及药品。单独存放被毒物污染的衣服，洗后备用。作业人员应学会自救互救。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>三、急救措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>皮肤接触：立即脱去被污染的衣着，用流动的清水或5%硫代硫酸溶液彻底冲洗至少20分钟，就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用大量流动清水或生理盐水彻底冲洗至少15分钟。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。呼吸心跳停止时，立即进行人工呼吸(勿用口对口)和胸外心脏按压术。给吸入亚硝酸异戊酯，就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>食入：饮足量温水，催吐，用1：5000高锰酸钾或5%硫代硫酸钠溶液洗胃。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>灭火方法：消防人员必须穿戴全身专用防护服。灭火剂：干粉、砂土，禁止用二氧化碳和酸碱灭火剂灭火。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr 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