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href=\"\u002Fen\u002Fcas\u002F7790-94-5_583815.html#duXinDiv\">氯磺酸毒性英文版\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","\u003Cp>1.气体合成法将硫黄燃烧生成二氧化硫气体，经冷却、分离后，送入备有钒催化剂的催化转化器中转化为三氧化硫，经冷却后送人合成器中，与干氯化氢气(用氢气与氯气合成，含量＞85%HCl)在130～230℃下进行反应，再经冷却、气液分离，制得氯磺酸成品。其反应方程式如下：\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>生产过程中有过量的氯化氢、二氧化硫、三氧化硫及少量的氯气产生，一般用高效吸收塔将氯化氢用水吸收制成盐酸；将二氧化硫、三氧化硫用浓硫酸吸收。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>2.发烟硫酸与氯化氢反应即可生成氯磺酸。反应器为一圆底三口烧瓶，分别安装有接近瓶底的气体导入管，温度计和回流冷凝管，在冷凝管的末端接上装有CaCl2的干燥管。反应装置全用磨口连接，避免接触橡皮、软木等有机物质。将SO3含量尽可能高的发烟硫酸装入烧瓶中，在室温下将经充分干燥的HCl气体缓缓地通入反应瓶中，直至不再吸收为止。然后将回流冷凝管换成蒸馏冷凝管，并联上预先经仔细清洁并干燥过的接受瓶。在隔绝外界湿气的条件下将反应中生成的氯磺酸蒸出，蒸馏的温度范围是145～160℃。可对产品进行二次蒸馏，使其得到提纯。由于加热时产品稍有分解，所以一般产品中会溶解有少量HCl和SO3及痕量的SO2，Cl2,SO2Cl2和H2SO4等，若在隔绝湿气的条件下，用液态空气进行冷却并将其分步结晶，可以获得非常纯净的氯磺酸产品。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ctd>\n\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 国标编号: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 81023 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> ＣＡＳ: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 7790-94-5 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 中文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 氯磺酸 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 英文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> Chlorosulfonic acid \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 别 名: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子式: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> HClO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>S \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子量: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 116.52 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 熔 点: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> -80℃ 沸点：151℃ \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 密 度: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 相对密度(水=1)1.77； \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 蒸汽压: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 32℃ \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 溶解性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 不溶于二硫化碳、四氯化碳，溶于氯仿、乙酸 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 稳定性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 稳定 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 外观与性状: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 无色半油状液体，有极浓的刺激性气味 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 危险标记: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 20(酸性腐蚀品) \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 用 途: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 用于制造磺胺类药品，用作染料中间体、磺化剂、脱水剂及合成糖精等 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\n\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb> 2.对环境的影响: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、健康危害 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>健康危害：其蒸气对粘膜和呼吸道有明显刺激作用。临床表现有气短、咳嗽、胸痛、咽干痛、流泪、恶心、无力等。吸入高浓度可引起化学性肺炎、肺水肿。皮肤接触液体可致重度灼伤。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、毒理学资料及环境行为 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>危险特性：与易燃物(如苯)和有机物(如糖、纤维素等)接触会发生剧烈反应，甚至引起燃烧。遇水猛烈分解，产生大量的热和浓烟，甚至爆炸。具有强腐蚀性。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>燃烧(分解)产物：氯化氢、氧化硫。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>3.现场应急监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>　 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>4.实验室监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>　 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>5.环境标准: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>　 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>6.应急处理处置方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、泄漏应急处理 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>疏散泄漏污染区人员至安全区，禁止无关人员进入污染区，建议应急处理人员戴自给式呼吸器，穿化学防护服。合理通风，不要直接接触泄漏物，勿使泄漏物与可燃物质(木材、纸、油等)接触，在确保安全情况下堵漏。喷水雾减慢挥发(或扩散)，但不要对泄漏物或泄漏点直接喷水。用沙土、蛭石或其它惰性材料吸收，然后收集运至废物处理场所处置。如果大量泄漏，在技术人员指导下清除。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、防护措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>呼吸系统防护：可能接触其蒸气或烟雾时，必须佩戴防毒面具或供气式头盔。紧急事态抢救或逃生时，建议佩带自给式呼吸器。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛防护：戴化学安全防护眼镜。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>防护服：穿工作服(防腐材料制作)。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>手防护：戴橡皮手套。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>其它：工作后，淋浴更衣。单独存放被毒物污染的衣服，洗后再用。保持良好的卫生习惯。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>三、急救措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>皮肤接触：立即脱去污染的衣着，用流动清水冲洗10分钟或用2%碳酸氢钠溶液冲洗。若有灼伤，按酸灼伤处理。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗至少15分钟。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。注意保暖，保持呼吸道通畅。必要时进行人工呼吸。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>食入：患者清醒时立即漱口，给饮牛奶或蛋清。立即就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>灭火方法：二氧化碳、砂土。禁止用水。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr 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