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狗吸入1g\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>，每天8~9h，共3周，出现肝、肾和肺的损害。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>4.致突变性 微生物致突变：大肠杆菌25814μmol\u002FL。姐妹染色单体互换：仓鼠卵巢100mg\u002FL。性染色体缺失和不分离：人肺80mg\u002FL。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>5.致癌性 IARC致癌性评论：G3，对人及动物致癌性证据不足。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>五氯乙烷生态学数据:\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>1.生态毒性\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>LC50：7.3mg\u002FL（96h）（黑头呆鱼）；7.24mg\u002FL（96h）（蓝鳃太阳鱼）；62.9mg\u002FL（96h）（水蚤）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>EC50：58.2~134mg\u002FL（96h）（绿藻）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>2.生物降解性 暂无资料\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>3.非生物降解性 暂无资料\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>4.其他有害作用 应注意对水环境和蓄水层的污染。在水体中可被悬浮物和沉积物微弱吸附。陆地上潮湿土壤中可迁移，并缓慢水解。干燥土壤中可缓慢挥发至大气中。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fen\u002Fcas\u002F76-01-7_331952.html#duXinDiv\">五氯乙烷毒性英文版\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","\u003Cp>由三氯乙烯通氯加成而得。将三氯乙烯加入氯化锅内，在日光灯照射下，缓缓通氯反应，温度为30-40℃，通氯至相对密度达1.680-1.684（20℃）为止。用碳酸钠尿素水溶液除去过剩的氯气，即得五氯乙烷。收率为94%。另外由四氯乙烷于紫外光照射下氯化也可得到该品。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ctd>\n\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 国标编号: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 61557 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> ＣＡＳ: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 76-01-7 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 中文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 五氯乙烷 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 英文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> pentachloroethane \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 别 名: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子式: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> C\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>HCl\u003Csub>5\u003C\u002Fsub>；Cl\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>CCHCl\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub> \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子量: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 202.31 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 熔 点: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> -46.6℃ 沸点：162.0? \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 密 度: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 相对密度(水=1)1.67 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 蒸汽压: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 20℃ \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 溶解性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 不溶于水 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 稳定性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 稳定 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 外观与性状: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 无色重质液体，有氯仿气味 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 危险标记: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 14(有毒品) \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 用 途: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 用作溶剂 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\n\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 2、对环境的影响： \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 该物质对环境有危害，应给予特别注意。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 一、健康危害 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>  侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>健康危害：本品具有麻醉作用，对眼睛和呼吸道粘膜有刺激作用，并可引起肺、肝、肾损害。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 二、毒理学资料及环境行为 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>  急性毒性：LC \n\u003Csub>50\u003C\u002Fsub>35006mg\u002Fm \n\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>，2小时(大鼠吸入)；小鼠吸入25g\u002Fm \n\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>×2小时，最低麻醉浓度；狗经口1.75g\u002Fkg，致死。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>亚急性和慢性毒性：狗吸入1g\u002Fm \n\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>，8～9小时\u002F天，3周，出现肝脏脂肪毒性和肾、肺损伤。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>致突变性：微生物致突变：大肠杆菌25814umol\u002FL。姊妹染色单体交换：仓鼠卵巢100mg\u002FL。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>致癌性：IARC致癌性评论：动物可疑阳性，人类无可靠证据。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>  危险特性：可燃。遇明火能燃烧。受高热分解产生有毒的氯化物气体。极易挥发，在空气中发烟，遇水或水蒸气能产生热和有毒的腐蚀性烟雾。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氯化氢。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 3、现场应急监测方法： \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 　 4、实验室监测方法： \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 色谱\u002F质谱法《水和有害废物的监测分析方法》周文敏等编译 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>高效液相色谱法，参照《分析化学手册》(第四分册，色谱分析)，化学工业出版社 5、环境标准： \n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>前苏联(1976)\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>职业环境空气中最高容许浓度\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>0.1mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>前苏联(1977)\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>环境空气中最高容许浓度\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>0.005mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>(一次值)\u003Cbr \u002F>0.001mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>(日均值)\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>前苏联(1974)\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>饮用水中最高容许浓度\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd>0.3mg\u002FL\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\n\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cp>6、应急处理处置方法：\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cbr \u002F> 一、泄漏应急处理 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>  迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至安全区，并进行隔离，严格限制出入。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器，穿防毒服。不要直接接触泄漏物。尽可能切断泄漏源。防止进入下水道、排洪沟等限制性空间。小量泄漏：用砂土、蛭石或其它惰性材料吸收。大量泄漏：构筑围堤或挖坑收容；用泵转移至槽车或专用收集器内，回收或运至废物处理场所处置。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>废弃物处置方法：用焚烧法。废料同其它燃料混合后焚烧，燃烧要充分，防止生成光气。焚烧炉排气中的卤化氢通过酸洗涤器除去。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 二、防护措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>  呼吸系统防护：空气中浓度超标时，应该佩戴直接式防毒面具(半面罩)。紧急事态抢救或撤离时，佩戴空气呼吸器。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛防护：戴化学安全防护眼镜。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>身体防护：穿防毒物渗透工作服。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>手防护：戴防化学品手套。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>其它：工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作毕，沐浴埸衣。单独存放被毒物污染的衣服，洗后备用。注意个人清洁卫生。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F> 三、急救措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>  皮肤接触：脱去被子污染的衣着，用肥皂水和清水彻底冲洗皮肤。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛接触：提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新生鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。如呼吸停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>食入：饮足量温水，催吐，就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>  灭火方法：消防人员须佩戴防毒面具、穿全身消防服。喷水保持火场容器冷却，直至灭火结束。灭火剂：雾状水、泡沫、二氧化碳、砂土。\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","2026-08-21T07:51:12.859463Z",false,[395,401,407,413,419,425,431,437,443,449,455,461],{"slug":396,"cid":397,"name":398,"nameZh":399,"cas":400},"785883040017551360","J-6712-9","Dimethoxy(methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane","二甲氧基(甲基)(3,3,3-三氟丙基)硅烷","358-67-8",{"slug":402,"cid":403,"name":404,"nameZh":405,"cas":406},"785881814798438400","J-1113967-6","1H,4H-Octafluorobutane","1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-八氟丁烷","377-36-6",{"slug":408,"cid":409,"name":410,"nameZh":411,"cas":412},"785888655922171904","J-25470-6","Tetrathiafulvalene","四硫富瓦烯","31366-25-3",{"slug":414,"cid":415,"name":416,"nameZh":417,"cas":418},"785889817983455232","J-28747-8","Heptafluoro-1-methoxypropane","七氟-1-甲氧基丙烷","375-03-1",{"slug":420,"cid":421,"name":422,"nameZh":423,"cas":424},"785883123266097152","J-7115-8","4-Bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro-1-butene","4-溴-3,3,4,4-四氟丁烯","18599-22-9",{"slug":426,"cid":427,"name":428,"nameZh":429,"cas":430},"785897774594920448","J-47904-9","Iodocyclopentane","碘代环戊烷","1556-18-9",{"slug":432,"cid":433,"name":434,"nameZh":435,"cas":436},"785883043737899008","J-6736-7","(3,3,3-Trifluoropropyl)Methyldichlorosilane","(3,3,3-三氟丙基)二氯甲基硅烷","675-62-7",{"slug":438,"cid":439,"name":440,"nameZh":441,"cas":442},"785872147997265920","J-1991232-4","1-Chloroundecane","1-氯十一烷","2473-03-2",{"slug":444,"cid":445,"name":446,"nameZh":447,"cas":448},"785891899738165248","J-1338363-6","2-Bromoadamantane","2-溴代金刚烷","7314-85-4",{"slug":450,"cid":451,"name":452,"nameZh":453,"cas":454},"785889521290973184","J-27919-6","(1S)-(-)-Camphanic chloride","(1S)-(-)-莰烷酰氯","39637-74-6",{"slug":456,"cid":457,"name":458,"nameZh":459,"cas":460},"785881473096880128","J-19549-3","Trimethoxy(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane","三甲氧基(3,3,3-三氟丙基)硅烷","429-60-7",{"slug":462,"cid":463,"name":464,"nameZh":465,"cas":466},"844601979438108672","J-70855-4","1,2-bis(methylsulfonyl)ethane","1,2-二甲磺酰基乙烷","6330-26-3",1794251263548,"zh-CN",[]]