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与锌粉一起蒸馏，发生分解，生成CO和H2O。\r\n\r\n2.甲醇为有毒化工产品，具有显著的麻醉作用，对于视神经危害最为严重。饮入5~10ml\u002Fkg甲醇可致严重中毒,10ml\u002Fkg以上有失明危险，饮入30ml\u002Fkg可以致死。甲醇可经消化道、呼吸道及皮肤渗透侵入人体导致中毒。吸入浓的甲醇蒸气时，除了特有的症状酩酊、头痛以外，常使视力模糊而眼痛。这些症状有的在数小时之后即能发生，重症时，呈现眩晕、呼吸困难、胃痛、疝痛、便秘，有时还会有出血，需要数日才恢复。在这期间也能引起疲劳、不适，重症时能出现发绀。不论急性、慢性都需要较长时间才能恢复。工作场所空气中甲醇蒸气最高容许浓度260mg\u002Fm3。防护方法在于生产设备密闭，严防入口、入眼或接触伤口。如有黏沾，迅速用水冲洗。急性中毒者迅速移到新鲜空气处。严重者送医院诊治。\r\n\r\n3.属中等毒类。主要作用于神经系统，具有麻醉作用。可被皮肤吸收、饮用或吸入蒸气而造成中毒，其特征是刺激视神经及网膜，导致眼睛失明。乙醇在体内能迅速分解排除，而甲醇排出缓慢，故有累积性。吸入甲醇蒸气会刺激眼、鼻和咽喉，引起眩晕、头痛、沉醉、流泪和视力模糊。重症时呈现麻醉、呼吸困难、恶心、呕吐、胃痛、疝痛、膀胱痛、便秘、有时还会出血。一般误饮5~10ml可致严重中毒，15ml可致失明，30ml左右可致死。兔经口致死量为10ml\u002Fkg。嗅觉阈浓度140mg\u002Fm3。TJ36-79规定车间空气中最高容许浓度为50mg\u002Fm3。\r\n\r\n4.稳定性 稳定\r\n\r\n5.禁配物 酸类、酸酐、强氧化剂、碱金属\r\n\r\n6.聚合危害 不聚合",{"label":227,"labelZh":247,"value":248},"水溶解性","miscible",{"label":250,"labelZh":251,"value":252},"Molecular 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der Waals面积（cm2·mol-1）：3.580×109\r\n43.van der Waals体积（cm3·mol-1）：21.710\r\n44.气相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1)：764.9\r\n45.气相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1) ：-201.5\r\n46.气相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) ：239.88\r\n47.气相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1)：-161.6\r\n48.气相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1)：44.06\r\n49.液相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1)：-726.9\r\n50.液相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1)：-239.1\r\n51.液相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) ：127.24\r\n52.液相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1)：-166.88\r\n53.液相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1)：81.4",{"pictogram":261,"signal":262,"hazards":263},"Flammable \u002F Acute Toxicity \u002F Health Hazard","Danger",[264,265,266,267,268],"H225 — Highly flammable liquid and vapour \u002F 高度易燃液体和蒸气","H301 — Toxic if swallowed \u002F 吞咽会中毒","H311 — Toxic in contact with skin \u002F 皮肤接触会中毒","H331 — Toxic if inhaled \u002F 吸入会中毒","H370 — Causes damage to organs \u002F 对器官造成损害",[],[],[],[],[],[275,278,280,283,286,289,292,295,298,301,304,307,310,313],{"key":276,"value":277},"符号","GHS02, GHS06, GHS08",{"key":279,"value":262},"信号词",{"key":281,"value":282},"危害声明","H225-H301 + H311 + H331-H370",{"key":284,"value":285},"警示性声明","P210-P260-P280-P301 + P310-P311",{"key":287,"value":288},"个人防护装备","Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US)",{"key":290,"value":291},"危害码 (欧洲)","F:Flammable",{"key":293,"value":294},"风险声明 (欧洲)","R11;R23\u002F24\u002F25;R39\u002F23\u002F24\u002F25",{"key":296,"value":297},"安全声明 (欧洲)","S16-S36\u002F37-S45-S7",{"key":299,"value":300},"危险品运输编码","UN 1230",{"key":302,"value":303},"WGK德国","1",{"key":305,"value":306},"RTECS号","PC1400000",{"key":308,"value":309},"包装等级","II",{"key":311,"value":312},"危险类别","3",{"key":314,"value":315},"海关编码","2905110000","\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> 国标编号: \u003C\u002Fstrong> 32058 \u003Cstrong> ＣＡＳ: \u003C\u002Fstrong> 67-56-1 \u003Cstrong> 中文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong> 甲醇 \u003Cstrong> 英文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong> methyl alcohol；Methanol \u003Cstrong> 别 名: \u003C\u002Fstrong> 木酒精 \u003Cstrong> 分子式: \u003C\u002Fstrong> CH\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>O；CH\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>OH \u003Cstrong> 分子量: \u003C\u002Fstrong> 32.04 \u003Cstrong> 熔 点: \u003C\u002Fstrong> -97.8℃ 沸点：64.8℃ \u003Cstrong> 密 度: \u003C\u002Fstrong> 相对密度(水=1)0.79； \u003Cstrong> 蒸汽压: \u003C\u002Fstrong> 11℃ \u003Cstrong> 溶解性: \u003C\u002Fstrong> 溶于水，可混溶于醇、醚等多数有机溶剂 \u003Cstrong> 稳定性: \u003C\u002Fstrong> 稳定 \u003Cstrong> 外观与性状: \u003C\u002Fstrong> 无色澄清液体，有刺激性气味 \u003Cstrong> 危险标记: \u003C\u002Fstrong> 7(易燃液体) \u003Cstrong> 用 途: \u003C\u002Fstrong> 主要用于制甲醛、香精、染料、医药、火药、防冻剂等 \u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cstrong> 2.对环境的影响: \u003C\u002Fstrong>一、健康危害\u003Cbr \u002F>侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。健康危害：对中枢神经系统有麻醉作用；对视神经和视网膜有特殊选择作用，引起病变；可致代谢性酸中毒。急性中毒：短时大量吸入出现轻度眼及上呼吸道刺激症状(口服有胃肠道刺激症状)；经一段时间潜伏期后出现头痛、头晕、乏力、眩晕、酒醉感、意识朦胧、谵妄，甚至昏迷。视神经及视网膜病变，可有视物模糊、复视等，重者失明。代谢性酸中毒时出现二氧化碳结合力下降、呼吸加速等。慢性影响：神经衰弱综合征，植物神经功能失调，粘膜刺激，视力减退等。皮肤出现脱脂、皮炎等。\u003Cbr \u002F>二、毒理学资料及环境行为\u003Cbr \u002F>毒性：属中等毒类。急性毒性：LD505628mg\u002Fkg(大鼠经口)；15800mg\u002Fkg(兔经皮)；LC5082776mg\u002Fkg，4小时(大鼠吸入)；人经口5～10ml，潜伏期8～36小时，致昏迷；人经口15ml，48小时内产生视网膜炎，失明；人经口30～100ml中枢神经系统严重损害，呼吸衰弱，死亡。亚急性和慢性毒性：大鼠吸入50mg\u002Fm3，12小时\u002F天，3个月，在8～10周内可见到气管、支气管粘膜损害，大脑皮质细胞营养障碍等。致突变性：微生物致突变：啤酒酵母菌12pph。DNA抑制：人类淋巴细胞300mmol\u002FL。生殖毒性：大鼠经口最低中毒浓度(TDL0)：7500mg\u002Fkg(孕7～19天)，对新生鼠行为有影响。大鼠吸入最低中毒浓度(TCL0)：20000ppm(7小时)，(孕1～22天)，引起肌肉骨骼、心血管系统和泌尿系统发育异常。\u003Cbr \u002F>危险特性：易燃，其蒸气与空气可形成爆炸性混合物。遇明火、高热能引起燃烧爆炸。与氧化剂接触发生化学反应或引起燃烧。在火场中，受热的容器有爆炸危险。其蒸气比空气重，能在较低处扩散到相当远的地方，遇明火会引着回燃。 燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳。\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cstrong>3.现场应急监测方法: \u003C\u002Fstrong>气体检测管法； 便携式气相色谱法；直接进水样气相色谱法气体速测管（北京劳保所产品）\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cstrong>4.实验室监测方法: \u003C\u002Fstrong>监测方法来源类别溶剂解吸气相色谱法WS\u002FT143-1999作业场所空气气相色谱法HJ\u002FT33-1999固定污染源排气变色酸比色法；\u003Cbr \u002F>气相色谱法《空气中有害物质的测定方法》(第二版)，杭士平编空气气相色谱法《水质分析大全》张宏陶主编水质品红亚硫酸法《化工企业空气中有害物质测定方法》，化学工业出版社化工企业空气\u003Cstrong>5.环境标准: \u003C\u002Fstrong>中国(TJ36-79)车间空气中有害物质的最高容许浓度50mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>中国(TJ36-79)居住区大气中有害物质的最高容许浓度3.00mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>(一次值)\u003Cbr \u002F>1.00mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>(日均值)中国(GB16297-1996)大气污染物综合排放标准①最高允许排放浓度(mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>)：\u003Cbr \u002F>190(表2)；220(表1)\u003Cbr \u002F>②最高允许排放速率(kg\u002Fh)：\u003Cbr \u002F>二级5.1～100(表2)；6.1～130(表1)\u003Cbr \u002F>三级7.8～170(表2)；9.2～200(表1)\u003Cbr \u002F>③无组织排放监控浓度限值：\u003C\u002Fp>12mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>(表2)；15mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>(表1)前苏联(1978)地面水中有害物质最高允许浓度3.0mg\u002FL前苏联(1978)渔业用水中最高允许浓度0.1mg\u002FL前苏联污水中有害物质最高允许浓度20mg\u002FL　嗅觉阈浓度140mg\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cstrong>6.应急处理处置方法: \u003C\u002Fstrong>一、泄漏应急处理\u003Cbr \u002F>迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至安全区，并进行隔离，严格限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器，穿防毒服。不要直接接触泄漏物。尽可能切断泄漏源，防止进入下水道、排洪沟等限制性空间。小量泄漏：用砂土或其它不燃材料吸附或吸收。也可以用大量水冲洗，洗液稀释后放入废水系统。大量泄漏：构筑围堤或挖坑收容；用泡沫覆盖，降低蒸气灾害。用防爆泵转移至槽车或专用收集器内。回收或运至废物处理场所处置。\u003Cbr \u002F>二、防护措施\u003Cbr \u002F>呼吸系统防护：可能接触其蒸气时，应该佩戴过滤式防毒面罩(半面罩)。紧急事态抢救或撤离时，建议佩戴空气呼吸器。 眼睛防护：戴化学安全防护眼镜。 身体防护：穿防静电工作服。 手防护：戴橡胶手套。 其它：工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作毕，淋浴更衣。实行就业前和定期的体检。\u003Cbr \u002F>三、急救措施\u003Cbr \u002F>皮肤接触：脱去被污染的衣着，用肥皂水和清水彻底冲洗皮肤。 眼睛接触：提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。就医。吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。如呼吸停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。 食入：饮足量温水，催吐，用清水或1%硫代硫酸钠溶液洗胃。就医。\u003Cbr \u002F>灭火方法：尽可能将容器从火场移至空旷处。喷水保持火场容器冷却，直至灭火结束。处在火场中的容器若已变色或从安全泄压装置中产生声音，必须马上撤离。灭火剂：抗溶性泡沫、干粉、二氧化碳、砂土。\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003C\u002Fp>","2026-08-21T07:51:12.859463Z",false,[320,326,332,338,344,350,356,362,368,374,378,384],{"slug":321,"cid":322,"name":323,"nameZh":324,"cas":325},"785888254019768320","J-24463-3","Lithium methoxide","甲醇锂","865-34-9",{"slug":327,"cid":328,"name":329,"nameZh":330,"cas":331},"785897736116375552","J-47749-6","Lithium isopropoxide","异丙醇锂","2388-10-5",{"slug":333,"cid":334,"name":335,"nameZh":336,"cas":337},"785876413205975040","J-13318-6","N,N-Dimethylformamide-d7","N,N-二甲基甲酰胺-d7","4472-41-7",{"slug":339,"cid":340,"name":341,"nameZh":342,"cas":343},"785897659536773120","J-47589-8","1,3-Propanediol","1,3-丙二醇","504-63-2",{"slug":345,"cid":346,"name":347,"nameZh":348,"cas":349},"785875684076556288","J-1971914-3","Oxetan-3-ylmethanol","氧杂环丁烷-3-甲醇","6246-06-6",{"slug":351,"cid":352,"name":353,"nameZh":354,"cas":355},"785873164981768192","J-1014076-8","lithium pyruvate","丙酮酸锂","2922-61-4",{"slug":357,"cid":358,"name":359,"nameZh":360,"cas":361},"785889753466671104","J-1015079-5","Ethanolamine hydrochloride","乙醇胺盐酸盐","2002-24-6",{"slug":363,"cid":364,"name":365,"nameZh":366,"cas":367},"785883181285904384","J-7379-0","1,1-Dimethoxypropane","丙醛缩二甲醇","4744-10-9",{"slug":369,"cid":370,"name":371,"nameZh":372,"cas":373},"785876836004401152","J-14853-8","Lithium acetylacetonate","乙酰丙酮锂","18115-70-3",{"slug":375,"cid":376,"name":371,"nameZh":372,"cas":377},"785898548444008448","J-1314521-6","19185-99-0",{"slug":379,"cid":380,"name":381,"nameZh":382,"cas":383},"785895899992690688","J-1981464-3","1-Aminopropan-2-one hydrochloride","氨基丙酮盐酸盐","7737-17-9",{"slug":385,"cid":386,"name":387,"nameZh":388,"cas":389},"847790479121584128","J-1134083-3","2-(methylamino)ethanol,hydrochloride","2-甲胺乙醇盐酸盐","62640-03-3",1794255660959,"zh-CN",[]]