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(欧洲)","S16-S29-S33-S36\u002F37-S61-S62-S9",{"key":408,"value":409},"危险品运输编码","UN 1208",{"key":411,"value":412},"WGK德国","3",{"key":414,"value":415},"RTECS号","MN9275000",{"key":417,"value":418},"包装等级","II",{"key":420,"value":412},"危险类别",{"key":372,"value":373},"\u003Ctd>\n\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>正己烷毒理学数据:\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>1.急性毒性\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>LD50：25g\u002Fkg（大鼠经口）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>LC50：48000ppm（大鼠吸入，4h）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>2.刺激性 家兔经眼：10mg，轻度刺激。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>3.亚急性与慢性毒性大鼠每天吸入2.76g\u002Fm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>，持续143d，夜间活动减少，网状内皮系统轻度异常反应，末梢神经有髓鞘退行性变，轴突轻度变化，腓肠肌肌纤维轻度萎缩。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>正己烷生态学数据:\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>1.生态毒性\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>LC50：4mg\u002FL（24h）（金鱼）；＞50mg\u002FL（24h）（水蚤）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>IC50：10mg\u002FL（72h）（藻类）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>2.生物降解性 MITI-I测试，初始浓度100ppm，污泥浓度30ppm，4周后降解100%。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>3.非生物降解性 空气中，当羟基自由基浓度为5.00×10\u003Csup>5\u003C\u002Fsup>个\u002Fcm\u003Csup>3\u003C\u002Fsup>时，降解半衰期为3d（理论）。\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>4.生物富集性 BCF：200（理论）\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"\u002Fen\u002Fcas\u002F110-54-3_251482.html#duXinDiv\">正己烷毒性英文版\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","\u003Cp>1.存在于直馏汽油、铂重整抽余油或湿性天然气中，含量1%～15%。目前，工业生产主要是从铂重整装置的抽余油（含己烷11%～13%）中分离，用精馏法除去轻重组分后，得到含正己烷60%～80%的馏分。采用双塔连续精馏，再经0501型催化剂加氢，除去苯等不饱和烃，得到合格产品。美国还采用吸附分离法制备正己烷。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>2.以正己烷为原料（正己烷含量为90%～95%），经过精密精馏制得高纯正己烷。\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>3.主要采用抽余油分离法。将铂重整装置的抽余油 ( 含乙烷1 1%~1 3%)精馏分离,除去轻重组分后,得正己烷,纯度为6 0%~8 0%,再以6 0~1 4 0℃的馏分为原料 ( 含正己烷1 1%~1 3%) ,采用两塔连续分离,除轻、重组分后,得含正己烷为6 0%~8 0%的馏分,最后经过0 5 0 1催化剂加氢,除去苯等不饱和烃而得正己烷。\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ctd>\n\n\u003Ctable>\n\u003Ctbody>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 国标编号: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 31005 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> ＣＡＳ: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 110-54-3 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 中文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 正己烷 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 英文名称: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> n-hexane；Hexyl hydride \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 别 名: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 己烷 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子式: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> C\u003Csub>6\u003C\u002Fsub>H\u003Csub>14\u003C\u002Fsub>；CH\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub>(CH\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>)\u003Csub>4\u003C\u002Fsub>CH\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub> \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 分子量: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 86.17 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 熔 点: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> -95.6℃ 沸点：68.7℃ \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 密 度: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 相对密度(水=1)0.66； \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 蒸汽压: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> -25.5℃(蒸汽压：13.33kPa\u002F15.8℃) \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 溶解性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 不溶于水，溶于乙醇、乙醚等多数有机溶剂 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 稳定性: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 稳定 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 外观与性状: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 无色液体，有微弱的特殊气味 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 危险标记: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 7(低闪点易燃液体) \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003Ctr>\n\u003Ctd>\u003Cstrong> 用 途: \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003Ctd> 用于有机合成，用作溶剂、化学试剂、涂料稀释剂、聚合反应的介质等 \u003C\u002Ftd>\n\u003C\u002Ftr>\n\u003C\u002Ftbody>\n\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cb> 2.对环境的影响: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、健康危害 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>健康危害：本品有麻醉和刺激作用。长期接触可致周围神经炎。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>急性中毒：吸入高浓度本品出现头痛、头晕、恶心、共济失调等，重者引起神志丧失甚至死亡。对眼和上呼吸道有刺激性。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>慢性中毒：长期接触出现头痛、头晕、乏力、胃纳减退；其后四肢远端逐渐发展成感觉异常，麻木，触、痛、震动和位置等感觉减退，尤以下肢为甚，上肢较少受累。进一步发展为下肢无力，肌肉疼痛，肌肉萎缩及运动障碍。神经-肌电图检查示感神经及运动神经传导速度减慢。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、毒理学资料及环境行为 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>毒性：属低毒类。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>急性毒性：LD5028710mg\u002Fkg(大鼠经口)；人吸入12.5g\u002Fm3，轻度中毒、头痛、恶心、眼和呼吸刺激症状。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>亚急性和慢性毒性：大鼠吸入2.76g\u002Fm3\u002F天，143天，夜间活动减少，网状内皮系统轻度异常反应，末梢神经有髓鞘退行性变，轴突轻度变化腓肠肌肌纤维轻度萎缩。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>危险特性：极易燃，其蒸气与空气可形成爆炸性混合物。遇明火、高热极易燃烧爆炸。与氧化剂接触发生强烈反应，甚至引起燃烧。在火场中，受热的容器有爆炸危险。其蒸气比空气重，能在较低处扩散到相当远的地方，遇明火会引着回燃。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>3.现场应急监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>气体检测管法 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>气体速测管（北京劳保所产品、德国德尔格公司产品） \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>4.实验室监测方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>气相色谱法《食品中添加剂的分析方法》马家骧等译 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>气相色谱法《空气中有害物质的测定方法》(第二版)，杭士平主编 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>5.环境标准: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>前苏联 车间空气中有害物质的最高容许浓度 300mg\u002Fm3 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>前苏联(1978)环境空气中最高容许浓度 60mg\u002Fm3(一次值) \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003Cb>6.应急处理处置方法: \u003C\u002Fb>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>一、泄漏应急处理 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至安全区，并进行隔离，严格限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器，穿消防防护服。尽可能切断泄漏源。防止进入下水道、排洪沟等限制性空间。小量泄漏：用砂土或其它不燃材料吸附或吸收。也可以用不燃性分散剂制成的乳液刷洗，洗液稀释后放入废水系统。大量泄漏：构筑围堤或挖坑收容；用泡沫覆盖，降低蒸气灾害。用防爆泵转移至槽车或专用收集器内，回收或运至废物处理场所处置。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>二、防护措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>呼吸系统防护：空气中浓度超标时，佩戴自吸过滤式防毒面具(半面罩)。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛防护：必要时，戴化学安全防护眼镜。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>身体防护：穿防静电工作服。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>手防护：戴防苯耐油手套。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>其它：工作现场严禁吸烟。避免长期反复接触。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>三、急救措施 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>皮肤接触：脱去被污染的衣着，用肥皂水和清水彻底冲洗皮肤。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>眼睛接触：提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。如呼吸停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>食入：饮足量温水，催吐，就医。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\u003Cbr \u002F>灭火方法：喷水冷却容器，可能的话将容器从火场移至空旷处。处在火场中的容器若已变色或从安全泄压装置中产生声音，必须马上撤离。灭火剂：泡沫、干粉、二氧化碳、砂土。用水灭火无效。 \n\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\u003Cbr \u002F>\n\n\u003C\u002Ftd>","2026-08-21T07:51:12.859463Z",false,[428,434,440,446,452,458,464,470,474,480,486,492],{"slug":429,"cid":430,"name":431,"nameZh":432,"cas":433},"785875684076556288","J-1971914-3","Oxetan-3-ylmethanol","氧杂环丁烷-3-甲醇","6246-06-6",{"slug":435,"cid":436,"name":437,"nameZh":438,"cas":439},"785873164981768192","J-1014076-8","lithium pyruvate","丙酮酸锂","2922-61-4",{"slug":441,"cid":442,"name":443,"nameZh":444,"cas":445},"785897659536773120","J-47589-8","1,3-Propanediol","1,3-丙二醇","504-63-2",{"slug":447,"cid":448,"name":449,"nameZh":450,"cas":451},"785889753466671104","J-1015079-5","Ethanolamine 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hydrochloride","氨基丙酮盐酸盐","7737-17-9",{"slug":487,"cid":488,"name":489,"nameZh":490,"cas":491},"847790479121584128","J-1134083-3","2-(methylamino)ethanol,hydrochloride","2-甲胺乙醇盐酸盐","62640-03-3",{"slug":493,"cid":494,"name":495,"nameZh":496,"cas":497},"785896071678136320","J-1103247-6","ethyl 2-(methylamino)acetate","2-(甲基氨基)乙酸乙酯","13200-60-7",1794263242100,"zh-CN",[]]