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无色可燃气体。具有强烈的刺激性、窒息性气味，对人的眼、鼻等有刺激作用。
密度：1.083
熔点：-15°C
沸点：97°C
折射率：1.3745-1.3765

GB/T 685-95
项目Item                                    分析纯      化学纯
                                             (AR)        (CP)
含量(CH₂O)Assay,%                         37.0-40.0  36.0-40.0
色度Color，黑曾单位                       ≤  15         20
灼烧残渣Ignition residue,%                ≤  0.001      0.003
酸度(以H⁺计)Acidity,mmol/100g             ≤  0.5        0.5
氯化物(Cl)Chloride,%                      ≤  0.0001     0.0003
硫酸盐(SO₄)Sulfate,%                      ≤  0.0004     0.001
铁(Fe)Iron,%                              ≤  0.0001     0.0003
铅(Pb)Lead,%                              ≤  0.0002     0.0005


ACS级
项目名称　                                   ACS Grade
含量(HCHO)Assay                             36.5-38.0%
色度，黑曾单位Color(APHA)                 ≤  10
灼烧残渣Residue after ignition            ≤  0.005%
可滴定酸 Titrable acid                    ≤  0.006meq/g
氯化物(Cl) Chloride                       ≤  5ppm
硫酸盐(SO₄) Sulfate                       ≤  0.002%
重金属(以Pb计)Heavy metals(as Pb)         ≤  5ppm
铁(Fe)Iron(Fe)                            ≤  5ppm




品级Grade                               分子生物学级  
                                   (for molecular biology，36.5-38% in H2O)  
浓度concentration                        ≥36.0% in H2O (T)
游离酸free acid (as HCOOH)               ≤0.03%
灼烧残渣Residue on ignition              ≤0.05% (as SO4)
氯chloride (Cl-):                        ≤10 ppm
硫酸根sulfate (SO42-):                   ≤20 ppm
cation traces by ICP Atomic emission
  Ca:                                    ≤5 ppm
  Cd:                                    ≤1 ppm
  Co:                                    ≤1 ppm
  Cr:                                    ≤1 ppm
  Cu:                                    ≤1 ppm
  Fe:                                    ≤1 ppm
  K:                                    ≤20 ppm
  Mg:                                    ≤1 ppm
  Mn:                                    ≤1 ppm
  Na:                                    ≤100 ppm
  Ni:                                    ≤1 ppm
  Pb:                                    ≤1 ppm
  Zn:                                    ≤1 mg/mL
λ 2 M in H2O
UV absorption
  λ: 260 nm A:                           ≤0.01
  λ: 280 nm A:                           ≤0.01
Test for electrophoresis of RNA in agarose gels  Pass
稳定剂stabilizer                         ~10% methanol